No abstract

NAS RK is pleased to announce that News of NAS RK. Series of geology and technical sciences scientific journal has been accepted for indexing in the Emerging Sources Citation Index, a new edition of Web of Science. Content in this index is under consideration by Clarivate Analytics to be accepted in the Science Citation Index Expanded, the Social Sciences Citation Index, and the Arts & Humanities Citation Index. The quality and depth of content Web of Science offers to researchers, authors, publishers, and institutions sets it apart from other research databases. The inclusion of News of NAS RK. Series of geology and technical sciences in the Emerging Sources Citation Index demonstrates our dedication to providing the most relevant and influential content of geology and engineering sciences to our community. Қазақстан Республикасы Ұлттық ғылым академиясы "ҚР ҰҒА Хабарлары. Геология жəне техникалық ғылымдар сериясы" ғылыми журналының Web of Science-тің жаңаланған нұсқасы Emerging Sources Citation Index-те индекстелуге қабылданғанын хабарлайды. Бұл индекстелу барысында Clarivate Analytics компаниясы журналды одан əрі the Science Citation Index Expanded, the Social Sciences Citation Index жəне the Arts & Humanities Citation Index-ке қабылдау мəселесін қарастыруда. Webof Science зерттеушілер, авторлар, баспашылар мен мекемелерге контент тереңдігі мен сапасын ұсынады. ҚР ҰҒА Хабарлары. Геология жəне техникалық ғылымдар сериясы Emerging Sources Citation Index-ке енуі біздің қоғамдастық үшін ең өзекті жəне беделді геология жəне техникалық ғылымдар бойынша контентке адалдығымызды білдіреді. НАН РК сообщает, что научный журнал «Известия НАН РК. Серия геологии и технических наук» был принят для индексирования в Emerging Sources Citation Index, обновленной версии Web of Science. Содержание в этом индексировании находится в стадии рассмотрения компанией Clarivate Analytics для дальнейшего принятия журнала в the Science Citation Index Expanded, the Social Sciences Citation Index и the Arts & Humanities Citation Index. Web of Science предлагает качество и глубину контента для исследователей, авторов, издателей и учреждений. Включение Известия НАН РК. Серия геологии и технических наук в Emerging Sources Citation Index демонстрирует нашу приверженность к наиболее актуальному и влиятельному контенту по геологии и техническим наукам для нашего сообщества.

This paper considers and analyzes a relevant issue of treatment of disturbed soils. The equipment to carry out various processes of mining reclamation of waste heaps and quarries with a significant reduction in the level of environmental risks through the operation of an energy-saving small-sized apparatus has been designed. The use of the developed soil reclamator is also adequate for pre-sowing and other types of agrotechnical tillage, plant care in agricultural fields, as well as in areas with a heterogeneous landscape. The functionality of the unit is able to provide energy autonomy and automation of the technological process. The low weight of the device makes it possible to reduce the pressure on the soil, which minimizes the environmentally hazardous formation of dust during the treatment of waste heaps, the destruction of its structure, the machine degradation of the fertile layer during the processing of all types of territories. The device also reduces the risk of fertile soils slipping from the slopes of mine dumps due to the fact that the soil reclamator is self-propelled and functions without the need to involve a heavy tractor. The mathematical modeling of the operation of the proposed technical support for the treatment of waste heap reclamation in comparison with the opposed analog proves the ecological and economic efficiency of the eco-adaptive soil reclamator. The average value of profit ratios, when using the proposed soil reclamator, is 121.82 % higher than with the involvement of opposed equipment. Indicators of the negative environmental impact of the designed equipment are 100 % lower than the environmental impact when operating the analog. The proposed technical solution can be effectively applied both in schemes of sanitary cleaning of settlements, and in the process of modernization of agricultural machinery

Introduction. Every year in Ukraine about 40-50 million tons are dumped in landfills. household waste, of which only no more than 2 million tons are processed and disposed of. To date, more than 15 billion tons of waste have been accumulated in landfills. Insufficient number of official, registered and equipped landfills, lack of modern landfills, as well as insufficient level of waste disposal are the reasons for the emergence of so-called unauthorized landfills, often located within the city. Problem Statement. To date, the processes of utilization of fine fractions of waste, which include the decomposition products of organic waste, remain the least developed. In various methods of waste disposal there are problems when working with large volumes of dispersed waste at almost all stages of their processing. Thus, to increase the efficiency of waste disposal, it is necessary to increase the relative size of the material being processed. This can be done at the stage of preliminary preparation of raw materials. The right choice of pre-treatment method will reduce the negative impact on humans and the environment of harmful elements contained in household waste, as well as increase the efficiency of their disposal Purpose. Carrying out of theoretical and experimental researches of ways of granulation of dispersed fraction and products of disintegration of solid household waste as a stage of their preliminary preparation for utilization. Substantiation on the basis of the received parameters of technology of mechanical processing of waste by various methods of granulation and preparation of the recommendation to a choice of a way of preliminary preparation of dispersed waste for their effective utilization by thermolysis and energy recovery. Carrying out the analysis of ecological danger of formation of dioxins in the course of processing of waste, and also giving practical recommendations concerning their minimization. Materials and methods. As the main stage of preliminary preparation of the dispersed fraction of waste for further processing, three methods of compounding the decomposition products of household waste were considered. Two methods that do not directly affect the particle density - fluidization and granulation in a fluidized bed, as well as pressing. The process of encapsulation of fine waste was studied in an open-type plate granulator; fluidized bed granulation was performed in a laboratory unit-granulator of periodic action with a fluidized bed; compression of dispersed waste was carried out using a screw stamp press with a detachable matrix. Results. Peculiarities of granulation of the dispersed fraction of household waste by different methods have been established. Improving adjustments have been made to the existing developed scheme of thermolysis and energy recovery on the basis of the conducted methods of preliminary preparation of dispersed waste. The economic effect of the introduction of the method of thermolysis and energy recovery of waste into production on the territory of Ukraine, which is planned to be 8 million USD / year, was also calculated. Conclusions. The research results presented in the paper will facilitate the choice of method and means of preliminary preparation of waste for various existing types of their utilization. An experimental method of thermolysis-energy recovery is proposed as an effective method of waste utilization. Adjustments in the existing scheme of TERW on the basis of the conducted researches are planned to essentially increase efficiency of such processing. The ecological danger of formation and emissions of dioxins in the process of thermal processing of waste is considered, as well as practical recommendations for their minimization are given. Key words: solid household waste, decomposition, granulation, thermolysis recovery, dioxins

Анотація. Робота присвячена пошуку шляхів підвищення ефективності двовального лопатевого змішувача. Змішування матеріалу є важливим і невід'ємним етапом практично в кожному промисловому виробництві і Пріоритетним напрямком технічного прогресу в промисловості є вдосконалення технологічних процесів, заміна морально і фізично застарілого обладнання. Для аналізу ефективності існуючих конструкцій лопатевого змішувача представлені результати дослідження потоків часток матеріалу в робочій зоні апарата, які досліджувалися шляхом моделювання процесу в CAЕ-комплексі. В статті приведений алгоритм розрахунку потоку часток в програмному комплексі EDEM, розроблено розрахунковий та аналітичний аналіз ефективності перемішування трьох видів змішувачів. Для підвищення ефективності двовального змішувача запропоновано змінити конструкцію лопатей та їх кут встановлення. Дослідження показали, що двовальний змішувач з лопатями під кутом 45° має найбільшу ефективність перемішування, яка становить 91,7 %.