Over the years, in general safety and reliability areas various risk assessment methods and safety standards have been developed and only few of them defined appropriate to human robot interaction field. In this paper we integrating several approaches related to risk estimation and safe design of human centered robotic workcell. Analyzing various concepts and results in areas: Human factor, hazard analysis, risk assessment, safety technology, we conclude with several ideas about how aspect of safety in the field human robot interaction could me provided and enhanced.

This paper describes the importance of the incorporation of ergonomics, human factor, errors analysis and cognitive engineering approaches in the design of human-robot systems, how consideration of these subjects help designers and workers to avoid hazardous situations and make human-robot interaction in vicinity more effective, reliable and safe. Basing on acquired knowledge and guiding by acquired knowledg e we propose our trial application for disassembly cell.

Robots are an inevitable part of the future industry. II. ROBOT. How IT DIFFERS FROM OTHER AUTOMATIC Their increased utilization will result in increased productivity, MACHINERY. safer work environment and very helpful in human daily life. However, their successful implementation will only happen if their Unlike other machines, robots are not designed for the specific use will only benefit and not harm the human. That is why it is task with all necessary motion pre-engineered into their struccrucial to take into consideration safety aspect in human robot ture. Their design centers first of all on motion flexibility, interaction and robotization on the whole. In this paper has at-thereby causing greater degree of risk to be injured. These diftempted to summarize the major areas of research currently under investigation in the development of safe and reliable robot systems f eren s a canav multanes motion in up toon and its interaction with environment. These areas include hazards axes, whereas a conventional machines only one or two; robots investigation, the design robot itself, standards development for can be freely programmed for different speeds and motions on safety, methods of safeguarding, etc. each individual axis; they have very large motion space, wide This study is aimed at understanding common safety problems kinematical range of activity; their sphere of operation intersects with robot installation in human working environment. The the working space of human and other machines and structures.purpose of this paper is to draw upon the vast bank of research in robot safety and indicate how the existing results may be generated A. Robot -related accidences, and human injuries. and applied to the field of Human-Robotic interaction.Studies in Sweden and Japan indicate that many robot acci-I. INTRODUCTION dents occur during programming, maintenance, repair, testing,In recent years, robots have been used in applications where setup, or adjustment. During many of these operations the opthey offer economic advantages, increase productivity and erator, programmer, or corrective maintenance worker may quality by means of higher flexibility, accuracy, repeatability, temporarily be within the robot's working envelope where undexterity and rate of consistency over the other automated maintended operations could result in injuries [2]. The sources of dhinexteritylacndg of consistncyhum woverkeer. astomatd oma-robot accidents can be grouped into three categories: human chlnes replacing or helping human wor tead of com-error, caused by robots, and the environment in which man-robot pletely separating the robot'swr sp em th human, thi interact. The hazards due to man may arise as a result of the foreseen for the state ofteratrob sstemsoin indutry,it psychological behavior of the worker or the software errors of worker's and the robot's operation tbe combned t oit the programmer. Hazards due to the robot may occur from loss from the synergy of the robot's and the human's a bilite of structurali of the robot such as t ...

The question of safety is becoming more and more crucial since the direct hazard which is the robot itself can not be fully isolated in view of the new tendency in robotics. In this paper an extended approach for the risk assessment and reduction is presented which is based on the fuzzy theory application integrating human factor and work conditions ergonomic analysis. The concept is adapted for the human robot interaction domain and extends the standardized risk assessment techniques used in the manufacturing and conventional robotics. This approach is intended to help designers adequately estimate a task related actual work conditions, identify a risk level and authorize personnel for a collaboration process according to task, safety requirements and interaction level specific.

Performing the scanning of the human body by means of conventional scanners, we faced the challenge of data insufficiency. In this given paper we present a new solution to this problem, comprising industrial robots application. Our purpose was to develop a fully functional, accurate, cheap and safe 3D scanning system based on a 6DOF industrial robot applications.