INTRODUCTION. Medical studies and practicing the medical professions involve considerable psychological distress. Health risks associated with distress may be greater in people with health problems, especially in the case of insufficient self-care for health. AIM. Investigating the frequency of positive health behaviours and avoiding risky behaviours among students of medical faculties with and without chronic diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS. 796 students of the first years of the faculties of general medicine, dentistry and physiotherapy of Warsaw Medical University and the Ukrainian University of Sumy were examined. An anonymous questionnaire was used, with questions concerning: self-assessment and self-care of health; occurence of chronic diseases; 34 positive health behaviours (nutrition, prevention, mental health, safety, physical activity) and avoiding 5 risky behaviours. RESULTS. Chronic diseases occurred among 23.6% of Polish students and 26.1% of Ukrainians. These students judged their health worse than students without diseases. About 85% of students reported that they take care of their health. Self-care of health among students with and without diseases was similar. High self-assessment of health self-care was not confirmed by the frequency of undertaking the most positive health behaviours; 25% of students smoked, half did not avoid passive smoking, half of Polish and one in five Ukrainian students abused alcohol. The deficiencies of positive health behaviours of students with and without chronic diseases were similar. Among students with chronic diseases, positive health behaviours were more often undertaken by Polish students than Ukrainians. CONCLUSIONS. The lifestyle of the polled students at both universities was far from favourable for health. Students with chronic diseases were in a worse situation, especially at the Ukrainian university. Programs aimed at developing the skills of self-care for health should be implemented during medical studies.

Aim: To form an idea about the necessity of introduction in sport training of sportsmen of modern physiotherapy and rehabilitation technologies on the example of work of university clinic. Materials and Methods: Theoretical analysis and systematization of data of scientific-methodical literature, data of Internet network, as well as research of experience of activity of university clinic and center of sports preparation of highly skilled sportsmen. Conclusions: The work of the multidisciplinary rehabilitation team plays an important role in the restoration of athletes, so their choice should be more individualized with the aim of more effective restoration of functional capabilities of athletes’ performance. The influence of training and competitive loads on the athlete’s body is quite diverse and can cause various appropriate reactions, which are largely determined by the functional state of his body. The effectiveness of the restorative effects is closely related to the initial functional state, and the same procedures, can both accelerate recovery processes and be an additional burden on the body. That is why the development and implementation of scientifically based recommendations on the methodology of training of high-qualified sportsmen on the basis of analysis of modern achievements of medical science and results of own scientific researches is one of the main tasks of this team.