A study of the economy’s resilience to external shocks has an important methodological aspect, which is primarily associated with significant interregional differences in the structure of reproduction, GDP, employment, innovation, budget revenues, exports and imports outside the region and country. On the other hand, the meso-level specificity of sustainability is also manifested in the trends of macro- and meso-economic dynamics, which directly determines the depth of the non-cyclical recession as a result of shocks and the pace of post-shock recovery. In the context of the increasing impact of external shocks on the Russian economy, the search for ways to increase its stability, the definition of the principles of analysis and the conditions for achieving it are of particular relevance. Considering the multi-structural and diversified nature of the Russian economy, its territorial extent, it would be methodologically correct to analyze the resilience to shocks at the macro- and meso-levels. The key aim of analyzing the economy’s resilience to shocks is to determine its typology and conditions for achieving it in the long term. An important aspect of studying the economy’s resilience to shocks is the analysis of the relationship between their impact and the phases of economic cycles and phase transitions. In this article, the authors aim to consider the problem of increasing the stability of the Russian economy based on international experience and the presented typology of shocks, starting from the structural conditions of post-shock development in the new economic reality. The functional sustainability of the economy is presented as the achievement of the high productivity and competitiveness of domestic production, connected in multi-link production chains with high added value, operating in conditions of low inflation and availability of resources. The authors show that existing approaches consider shocks in micro-, meso- and macro-economic aspects. They hypothesize that achieving the economy’s sustainability to shocks in all their multidimensionality is possible when implementing conditions associated with the initiation of positive structural changes in it. Such conditions are: a high share of high-tech services and export-oriented industries in the structure of the economy, a mismatch between the cyclical phase of its decline and the impact of a shock, moderate pre-shock growth rates, a developed scientific and educational system and a high level of workers’ education in a region, a low differentiation of the population’s income. The authors conclude that shocks have a complex impact on the economy (exogenous shocks can provoke endogenous ones, and vice versa) and a dual effect, which consists in the ability to strengthen resilience to shocks through the growth of public investment in R&D in the absence of foreign investment, the acceleration of innovative modernization of the industry, and the formation of new social groups on this basis.

Human economic activity, production and use of goods and services take place in the framework of a close exchange of materials and energy with the environment. Entering into relationship with the natural environment, industrial enterprises form a dynamic ecological-and-economic system, which is a combination of two jointly functioning subsystems: ecological and economic. The main feature of the ecologicaland-economic system is the balance, proportionality, balance of its natural and industrial subsystems. In this regard, a necessary condition for the transition of economy to sustainable development should be the reduction of the environmental capacity of production through the introduction of a new business philosophy, which is based on greening processes. Environmental activities, as one of the components of a balanced development, are becoming more and more economically viable, allowing enterprises to use the various direct and indirect benefits and profits associated with it, preventing negative environmental impacts. Of particular importance is the expansion of the economic basis of environmental activities in the conditions of modern structural changes in the economy, radically changing the proportions of consumption of natural and intellectual resources. Today, such structural changes are neo-industrial in nature, marking a new stage in the development of global industry, with increasing digitalization of production and a drastic reduction in natural resource consumption as well as harmful emissions cut.

The article presents an overview of approaches to the study of economic shocksthe definition of their nature and sources, forms of manifestation, classification and transmission mechanisms in the industrial and financial sectors of the economy. The following principles served as the methodology of research: dialectical substantiation of the integrity of economic systems, univer-sality of relations between economic entities, determinism of the dynamics of the economy by the features of its structure, structural absorption of shock impulses, the relationship of external and internal economic shocks. In the course of analyzing the works of a significant number of Russian and foreign authors in the field of theoretical studies of economic shocks, a transition was made from their essential definitions as a macroeconomic phenomenon to the identification of types and forms of manifestation. Particular attention in this article was given to technological shocks as the most debatable aspect of the impact of exogenous impulses on economic cycles. As a result of the

The article presents an overview of the scientific works of Russian and foreign economists in the field of neo-industrial development. The reasons for the deindustrialization of the modern economy of Russia and foreign countries, identified by the authors, are excluded. Alternative approaches to the analysis of neo-industrialization are shown as reindustrialization in its various forms, neo-industrial development and the transition to a post-industrial economy. Methodological principles of the analysis of scientific publications include the following: the structural nature of the processes of de-, re-and neo-industrialization, the technological determinism of the "industrial renaissance", the economic nature of the absorption of sectors of the economy. Particular attention in the article was paid to the analysis of approaches to the study of the role of the structural policy in the field of economic transformations of the neo-industrial type. As a result of scientific research, a conclusion

The large-scale structural transformations of Russian economy – the new industrialization – is a core of its transition to sustainable development. The importance of new industrialization is proved by the possibility of overcoming technical and technological lagging behind the leading countries and expanding deep processing and high-tech industries. Based on the analysis of statistics, the features of structure of economy of Russia are revealed. It is shown that transition to new industrialization is a characteristic of the industrially developed countries of the world and the source of environment-friendly industries’ boosting. The mechanism of the “window of opportunities” implementation when changing technological layers is considered. The hypothesis of a research assumes that opening the “window of opportunities” when replacing the fifth technological layer with the sixth, is a reference point for definition of the directions of strategic transformations in the context of sustainable development and extended environment protection.