O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a possibilidade de determinar o teste de lactato mínimo (TLM) com concentrações de sódio (Na+), potássio (K+) e lactato (LAC) na saliva em ergômetro de braço e cicloergômetro. Foram participantes deste estudo oito mesa-tenistas de nível internacional. Como estímulo anaeróbio no TLM em ambos os ergômetros foram utilizados testes máximos de 30 segundos. No ergômetro de braço isocinético (Cybex Ube 2432) foi aplicada a força máxima com rotação fixa em 102rpm e no cicloergômetro, aplicada a carga de 7,5% do peso corporal (Kp). Após o estímulo anaeróbio no ergômetro de braço, foi iniciado um teste incremental com rotações na manivela constante a 60rpm, iniciado a 49 watts com aumento de 16 watts a cada estágio de três minutos de exercício. A intensidade correspondente ao TLM foi determinado com amostras de sangue e saliva (LACmin braço; Na+min braço-saliva e K+min braço-saliva, respectivamente). Para o cicloergômetro, a carga inicial foi de 85 watts e aumento de 17 watts com rotação do pedal constante a 70rpm. Cada estágio de exercício também teve a duração de três minutos. O LACmin foi determinado utilizando amostras de sangue e saliva (LACmin ciclo; Na+min ciclo-saliva, K+min ciclo-saliva e LACmin ciclo-saliva, respectivamente). Em ambos os ergômetros, as intensidades obtidas no TLM foram correspondentes à derivada zero do ajuste polinomial entre metabólito versus intensidade. Foram utilizados, como procedimentos estatísticos, o teste ANOVA One Way, teste t de Student pareado e teste de correlação de Pearson com níveis de significância de 5%. Os LACmin determinados com amostras de sangue e de saliva, tanto para o ergômetro de braço (LACmin braço 91,71 ± 12,43; Na+min braço-saliva 71,99 ± 23,42; K+min braço-saliva 79,67 ± 17,72), quanto para cicloergômetro (LACmin ciclo 157,68 ± 13,48; LACmin ciclo-saliva 135,49 ± 33,2; Na+min ciclo-saliva 121,81 ± 51,31; K+min ciclo-saliva 135,49 ± 33,21), não foram diferentes significativamente. Contudo, essas intensidades não apresentaram correlações significativas. Pode-se então concluir que a utilização de metabólitos na saliva para determinação do TLM não parece ser possível para esse protocolo quando os ergômetros utilizados são o ergômetro de braço isocinético e o cicloergômetro.
Background: Supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) is used to study overload-induced cardiac remodeling (CR). In this model, neither CR behavior since beginning stage nor the best parameters to identify ventricular dysfunction are clearly stated.Objective: ) Characterizing, early and evolutively, morphological and functional modifications during CR in rats with SVAS and ) identifying the most sensitive index for detecting the moment when the diastolic and systolic dysfunction first appeared in the left ventricle (LV). Methods IntroductionCardiac remodeling (CR) refers to an alteration in gene expression in response to an aggression, resulting in molecular changes, cellular changes and myocardial interstitial alterations, expressed in variations of the heart size, shape and function 1 . This is also a mechanism in adaptation to hemodynamic overload, allowing the heart to keep its functions in view of load increase 2-4 . This is deemed as a risk factor for development of ventricular dysfunction and heart failure (HF) 5 .Several experimental models have been proposed for the study of CR due to pressure overload, such as supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) in rats [6][7][8] . When young animals are subject to aortic constriction, pressure overload is low at the beginning, being increased proportionally with their growth. SVAS advantages are: gradual development of CR, associated in short term to the improvement of systolic function; absence of severe lesions in myocardial anatomy; and low maintenance cost 9 . Around the 20 th week of SVAS, deterioration of systolic performance and HF [10][11][12][13] begin. This model is partially similar to SVAS in men 11 .Experiments in our lab with rats with SVAS assessed morphological and functional cardiac aspects, by means of echocardiogram (ECHO), in different periods of CR, finding out supranormal systolic function in 6 th or 8 th week 4,9,12 , diastolic dysfunction as of the 12nd week 9 and deterioration of systolic performance in the 21 st week. This last group of animals also had signs of heart failure 9 . Some authors, using hemodynamic evaluation, verified increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure after the 6 th week -in contrast, evaluation of diastolic function by means of ECHO has been found inaltered 13 . Litwin et al 8 assessed rats with SVAS by means of ECHO during 6 th , 12 th and 18 th weeks, and observed diastolic dysfunction as of the 6 th week and deterioration of systolic performance in the 18 th week.Analysis of mentioned studies has shows controversial results and absence of evaluation in an earlier post-induction of SVAS. The study aimed at characterizing, early and evolutively, Original ArticleArq Bras Cardiol 2010; 94(1) : 59-66
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.