The purpose of the article is to systematize the impact factors of quarantine measures related to COVID-19 on the agrarian sector and food security and assess their socio-economic consequences. Research methods. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach to the study of the studied phenomena and processes and dialectical method of cognition, that which allow to comprehensively consider the processes, related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine restrictive measures on the agrarian sector and food security of the country. When generalizing the theoretical and methodological aspects of the study, systematizing the factors of impact, the techniques of the abstract-logical method, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and comparison were used. In order to assess the trends in the development of the agrarian sector in analytical studies, economic and statistical methods were used (comparative analysis, relative values, trend analysis etc.). Research results. The impact factors of quarantine measures related to COVID-19 pandemic on the agrarian sector with the selection of ten groups of stimulants and disincentives, exogenous and endogenous effects have been identified and systematized. This made it possible to determine the synergistic effect of their interaction. The socio-economic consequences of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictive measures on the domestic agrarian sector and food security were assessed in the following areas: production of agri-food products, its sales in domestic and foreign markets, investments, efficiency of economic activity, rural labor market, employment in the agrarian sector. Scientific novelty. Theoretical and methodological provisions, scientific-methodical and practical approaches to systematization of impact factors of quarantine measures and the spread of COVID-19 pandemic on agrarian sector, food security and assessing the degree of their influence on the socio-economic development of the industry are substantiated. Practical significance. The principal thesis and conclusions set out in the article have been brought to the level of practical recommendations, the implementation of which will allow to substantiate management decisions in the implementation of effective state policy for the development and support of the agrarian sector, ensuring the adaptability of national producers to restrictive quarantine measures in the context of COVID-19 pandemic spread. Tabl.: 5. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 29.
Мета статті-оцінити реалістичність неоліберальних доктрин щодо «запуску» ринкового обігу земель сільськогосподарського призначення та потенційного зростання податків і зборів до бюджетів усіх рівнів, збільшення надходжень кредитних ресурсів й інвестицій в агропромисловий сектор та щорічного додаткового приросту ВВП країни у разі запровадження такої моделі. Методика дослідження. За основу досліджень слугували загальнонаукові та економічні методи, наукові праці українських і зарубіжних учених з питань ринкового обігу земель сільськогосподарського призначення, трансформації сировинних економік та глобальних викликів, пов'язаних зі змінами клімату й продовольчою безпекою. Аналітико-статистичний інструментарій та емпіричний підхід дали змогу обрахувати переваги у довгостроковій перспективі земельно-орендних відносин порівняно з відчуженням земельних ділянок, обчислити орієнтовні надходження коштів до державного і місцевого бюджетів, оцінити рівень інвестиційної привабливості аграрного сектору та реалістичність додаткового щорічного приросту ВВП країни при запровадженні ліберальної моделі ринкового обігу прав на земельні ділянки. Абстрактно-логічні міркування дозволили визначити ризики України у разі відсутності ефективної системи інституційних механізмів щодо стримувань і противаг деструктивним процесам у сфері земельних відносин, а також сформулювати відповідні пропозиції й висновки. Результати дослідження. Доведено, що у довгостроковій перспективі доцільніше як щодо земельних ділянок державної й комунальної власності, так і для громадян-власників земельних паїв, розвивати орендно-земельні відносини порівняно з їх продажем. Спростовано завищені очікування від запровадження неоліберальних підходів до ринкового обігу земель стосовно обсягів надходжень податків і зборів до бюджетів усіх рівнів, збільшення інвестицій в аграрний сектор економіки та можливостей кредитування підприємств під заставу сільськогосподарських угідь. Висвітлено етапи земельної реформи, розпочатої з 1990-х років. Розкрито окремі чинники, які призвели до загострення глобальної конкуренції за земельні і водні ресурси та посилення контролю транснаціональних корпорацій на агропродовольчих ринках. Елементи наукової новизни. Визначено можливі ризики від застосування неоліберальних підходів до запровадження ринкового обігу земель сільськогосподарського призначення у ситуації критичної залежності макрофінансової і валютної стабільності країни від зовнішніх запозичень. Практична значущість. Окремі положення можуть бути використані під час доопрацювання проектів законодавчих, інших нормативних актів щодо правових, організаційно-економічних, соціальних та екологічних засад ринкового обігу сільськогосподарських угідь. Табл.: 2. Рис.: 1. Бібліогр.: 39. Ключові слова: ринковий обіг земель сільськогосподарського призначення; земельно-орендні відносини; бюджети усіх рівнів; кредитування аграрних підприємств; інвестиції в сільське господарство; валовий внутрішній продукт.
The purpose of the article is to substantiate fundamental principles and systemic approaches regarding efficient regulation of national competitive biofuels production. Research methods. The following scientific methods were used during the research: dialectical and analytical abstraction methods for systemizing historical preconditions for establishment and development of biofuel production; monographic for research of prior formation fundamentals and regulatory mechanisms for energetics policy and biofuel production; forecasting for forming conceptual principles for regulation and improvement of development strategy for competitive biofuel competitive; abstract and logical for forming theoretical generalizations and conclusion. Research results. Algorithm of legal support and organization-economic regulation of competitive biofuel production was proposed due to the research results. Hierarchical levels of potential options for biofuel production and consumption in Ukraine were defined. Principles for consistency, adjustability, ultrastability, competence and synergy were proposed for formation and development of competitive biofuel production in Ukraine, along with generally accepted principles for state regulatory policy, which are expediency, adequacy, efficiency, harmony, predictability, transparency and consideration of public opinion. Elements of scientific novelty. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the further developed mechanism for regulation of competitive biofuel production based on fundamental principles objective patterns, which differ from present scientific developments by providing priority to innovativeness and cluster approach. Practical significance. Regulation instruments for biofuel production were studied, which strengthens economic and energy independence of the country, as well as provides conditions for growth of biofuel's competitiveness on the energy market. Figs.: 5. Refs.: 20.
The article topic relevance is caused by the exclusive place of the agricultural sector in the Ukrainian economy, so its development will have a significant impact on the agro-industrial complex productivity and on efficiency of the state economy as a whole. The effectiveness of digital technology is confirmed by the example of developed countries, including Germany, the indicators of enterprises which in this article are the basis for comparison with Ukrainian subjects of state management. The article aim is to determine the necessity and substantiate methodological recommendations on implementation of the rural economy digitalisation as an indicator of economic growth in the agrarian economy sector based on the comparison of private farms of Ukraine and Germany. In the research, the general scientific methods were used, including the method of analysis, synthesis, and formalisation; method of comparative analysis; SWOT-analysis; PEST-analysis; graphical and statistical analysis. The research and analysis have allowed proving the necessity and grounds of theoretical and methodological recommendations on the active implementation of digitalisation in the industry. It was found, that for the efficient and safe process of digitalisation, it is necessary to improve the legislative basis for its support, to provide state support for the implementation of actions on digitalisation; improvement of access to information for Ukrainian farmers; creation of conditions for constructive dialogue with foreign scientists; stimulation of investment in science, technology; training of scientists and assessment and minimisation of risks that may be associated with implementation of digitalisation activities.
The purpose of the article is to carry out an analytical assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of food security in Ukraine. Research methods. The research was based on general scientific and economic methods, the creative heritage of the founders of economic science, publications of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on the impact of quarantine restrictions related to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of food security of the country, regulatory legal acts, data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, electronic resources and other sources. The monographic approach is used to analyze the dynamics of the actual consumption of agri-food products and the level of food independence for individual agri-food products. Normative and positive approaches are used to highlight real risks and threats to food security. A number of techniques of abstract-logical tools made it possible to make a scientific and applied generalization of the material presented, to formulate intermediate and final conclusions and proposals. Research results. An analytical assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of agri-food products and the level of food independence for individual agri-food products has been carried out. It has been proven that Ukraine produces enough food to ensure healthy nutrition for citizens. It has been determined that due to the low purchasing power of the population, groups of citizens with low incomes have limited access to essential agricultural and food products. In the medium and long term, there will be a shortage of food resources and global food inflation, the situation in agricultural markets will remain unstable, and trade will continue to develop under the influence of not only competition, but also political factors. Scientific novelty. The theoretical and methodological provisions, scientific, methodological and practical approaches to determining the factors of influence of quarantine measures and the spread of COVID-19 to the level of food security of the state have been substantiated. Assessing the impact of quarantine measures and the spread of COVID-19 on food security made it possible to identify the main risks of ensuring the country's food security. Practical significance. The applied aspects of the study can be taken into account in the formation of programs for the socio-economic development of the agri-food sector of Ukraine, which will increase the effectiveness of state initiatives aimed at ensuring food security of the state and increase the country's readiness for force majeure threats. Tabl.: 7. Figs.: 3. Refs.: 17.
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