Dynamic land use changes in metropolitan areas are global phenomena. The influence of urbanisation processes on farmland is twofold: urban encroachments predominantly take place at the expense of farmland, and also result in farmland abandonment processes, especially in Central Eastern and Southern Europe. This paper analyses determinants of farmland abandonment in 280 municipalities situated in six selected Polish metropolitan areas. The analysis, which covers secondary statistical data as well as primary data collected via a survey among experts, applies the regression tree method. Within the six selected metropolitan areas nearly 9% of the farmland is permanently excluded from agricultural production (actual abandonment), plus another 11.5% is currently not being used for production (semi-abandonment). For actual abandonment, physical and economic sizes of farms, part-time farming, and soil quality constitute the most relevant determinants. Socio-economic variables play a more important role in explaining semi-abandonment than actual abandonment. Temporary exclusion of farmland from agricultural production is connected with urbanisation processes. Higher shares of built-up and urbanised areas, higher population densities, and positive migration rates result in higher shares of semi-abandonment. Naturally, areas characterised by agrarian fragmentation, where due to low agricultural incomes farmers more often decided to abandon agricultural production, were, in particular, subject to this process.

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Assessment of customer service quality using the mystery shopping method based on the example of a bank The aim of the article is to assess the quality of customer service in a bank using the “mystery shop­per” method in the context of the binding service standards. The article was prepared on the basis of data from primary and secondary sources. As part of the mystery shopping research, 1,388 audits were conducted in 2018 and 2019. As a result of the conducted analyses, it was found that most of the analyzed criteria influencing customer satisfaction with the service in the examined bank are at a very good level over 91% of positive indications. One element of the service provision process a discreet greeting of an entering customer needs to be improved as its rating was positive only in 56% of indications, which gives an equivalent of a pass mark.

Social and professional inclusion of persons with disabilities is a big challenge to the state, local authorities and other people responsible for administration as well as institutions supporting persons with dysfunctions. Determining the situation of persons with disabilities on the labor market and proper identi cation of its causes results in e ective development of the state policy for those persons and e cient activities of the institutions which support them in professional activation.

The aim of the article is to present the position of the Polish food processing sector in the context of food processing in the European Union countries and to present the food processing in Poland against the whole industry production. The execution of the subject in question started with the literature studies of national and international positions. In the empirical part the data published by the European Statistical Office EUROSTAT and the Central Statistical Office of Poland (GUS) were used. The share of the sold food industry production in the total value of the sold industrial production was used to illustrate the position of the food processing sector. Taking into account the total value of sold production in the European Union countries in 2016, Poland was among the leaders of the member states, occupying the sixth position. With the share of 4% it was placed after Germany, Italy, France, Great Britain and Spain. The comparisons are for the years 2015 and 2016.