The current model of resource management mainly contributes to mass short-term consumption, which creates an unstable and extremely critical situation on the planet. Going beyond the traditional industrial model of Take-Make-Waste, the circular economy aims to reduce waste (and therefore minimize costs) and to redefine sustainable development. This entails a gradual separation of economic activity from the consumption of scarce resources and the removal of waste from the system. In order to foreground the principles of a circular economy in Ukraine, this study analyzes its benefits based on the relevant experience of the EU. The paper also presents the results of research and content analysis on the situation of waste management in Ukraine and compares the trends using key indicators. The core of the paper is developing a conceptual model of making and coordinating management decisions on the implementation of business projects in the context of a circular economy in Ukraine. A multifactor model (the Farrar–Glauber method was further developed) has been built by identification of the main factors, i.e., the volume of generated waste from economic activity per unit of GDP at constant prices, emissions of pollutants, and capital investments for the protection of the environment. Factor coefficients indicate how many units will change the resultant trait Y, measured in thousand tonnes, if one of them changes by 1 (each in units of measure). It means that if the volume of waste generated from economic activity per unit of GDP at constant 2011 purchasing power parity (PPP) prices decreases by 1 kg/$1000, waste management of I–IV classes will be reduced by 952,737 thousand tonnes. The approbated model can be used to analyze the situation with recycling in the EU countries, considering the amount of capital investment in environmental protection.

Human islet transplantations into rodent models are an essential tool to aid in the development and testing of islet and cellular-based therapies for diabetes prevention and treatment. Through the ability to evaluate human islets in an in vivo setting, these studies allow for experimental approaches to answer questions surrounding normal and disease pathophysiology that cannot be answered using other in vitro and in vivo techniques alone. Intravital microscopy enables imaging of tissues in living organisms with dynamic temporal resolution and can be employed to measure biological processes in transplanted human islets revealing how experimental variables can influence engraftment, and transplant survival and function. A key consideration in experimental design for transplant imaging is the surgical placement site, which is guided by the presence of vasculature to aid in functional engraftment of the islets and promote their survival. Here, we review transplantation sites and mouse models used to study beta cell biology in vivo using intravital microscopy and we highlight fundamental observations made possible using this methodology.

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Abstract. The purpose of the study is to determine the methodological principles for implementing Participatory Budgeting as an effective instrument of the budgetary policy at the local level, in particular, the analysis of the main risks and limitations of this process, the identification of its main stages and the features of the main types of activity, which includes each stage. Methodological bases of the study consist of general scientific methods of obtaining knowledge of economic phenomena and processes. Realization of study tasks requires the following methods: method of theoretical generalization -during the study of scientific works, regulatory legal acts; abstractlogical method -to generalize the theoretical and methodical provisions, as well as to determine the purpose of the study; method of a systematic approach -the definition of directions for improving the functioning of Participatory Budgeting as an effective instrument for implementing budgetary policy. Results. The main components, which should include Participatory Budgeting process are proposed, the purpose of which is to facilitate the establishment of a social dialogue between local authorities and residents of the territorial community, and to create conditions for the participation of the residents of the territorial community in the budgetary processes to meet their needs. The analysis of the conducted studies made it possible to determine the main risks and limitations of participatory budgeting. Practical implications. The main stages of the participatory budgeting process are outlined, in particular: the preparatory stage, the stage of budget formation and its approval, the main point of which is the establishment of a budget committee and the commencement of its work, the implementation stage, the stage of monitoring and evaluation of participatory budgeting. The main types of activity included in each stage have been studied. All of the above made it possible to develop a cycle of participatory budgeting as one of the directions of budgetary policy. We believe that the popularity of this process is determined by the benefits received by the residents, local authorities and the city in general. Value/originality. Formation and implementation of budgetary policy at the local level in the current conditions of decentralization of power with the help of the developed cycle of implementation of Participatory Budgeting will promote the establishment of a social dialogue between local authorities and residents of the territorial community, creating conditions for the participation of residents of the territorial community in a transparent budgetary process to meet their needs.

The article considers the process of improving the management of logistics and marketing behavior of innovation clusters in territorial communities in the context of digitalization of society and the online market. Attention is focused on the need for territorial communities to form an institutional environment favorable for the development of innovation clusters. It is noted that the best synergetic effect from the functioning of innovation clusters is achieved mainly in a post-industrial economy with a supercompetitive environment.