SummaryBackground/Aim: Cysts which appear in the orofacial region are represented as common pathological changes which underlying mechanism of development is still not fully clear. In recent years, a dominant role in the pathogenesis of cysts belongs to the immunopathological reactions. It is assumed that the loss of bone in cysts is due to the presence of complementary cascades, prostaglandins synthesis and numerous neutrophil granulocytes. The main objective was to determine the levels of Ig G, A and M in serum and saliva of patients with radicular, residual and periodontal cysts before and after the surgical treatment.Material and Methods: The study included 185 patients, of which 150 patients were diagnosed with inflammatory cysts (radicular, periodontal and residual), while the control group consisted of 35 patients without presence of inflammatory cyst. The immunoglobulins were determined prior to the surgical removal of the cyst and one month after the procedure, when complete clinical wound healing was observed. The levels of these immunological markers were compared to each other before and after the cyst extirpation, taking into consideration the different cyst types. A comparison was also made between both examination and control group.Results: The difference of the basic values of the immunoglobulins before therapy and the basic values of the immunoglobulins in the control group was statistically significant only in the group of residual and periodontal cysts for IgG and IgM The difference of the average values of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) in the group with residual cysts before and one month after therapy is statistically significant (p=0.0000; p=0.0371; p=0.0276). A significant difference was registered in IgA among the three examined groups one month after surgical intervention.Conclusions: The levels of serum immunoglobulins in patients with inflammatory cysts were elevated before the treatment and dropped after the cyst removal. This study suggests that the IgA, IgG and IgM may play an important role in the occurrence, development and persistence of the cystic lesions.

The most commonly occurring odontogenic cysts of the jaws are radicular cysts. Causes of jaw cysts are different, numerous and depend on the type of cyst. The basic precondition for the occurrence of a cystic lesion is the previous presence of epithelial tissue at the site of future development of the cystic formation. Radicular cysts are one of the most common odontogenic cysts and arise from epithelial so-called Malassez - these residues in the periodontal tissue, as a consequence of inflammation of the pulp. They can occur at any age, and are equally prevalent in both sexes. The aim of this paper is to present the clinical symptoms and treatment of a radicular cyst in a 12-year-old child. The treatment of radicular cysts in most cases is surgical. The possibilities for such treatment and the choice of surgical method depend on the size of the cyst, its location, and the pathological formation.   The present article reported a case of a 12-year-old male with the chief complaint of  pain on the right lower back tooth region. The radiographic examination revealed the presence of a well-defined radiolucency surrounded by a corticated border between   mandibular central incisive.  The case was managed by complete enucleation under local  anesthesia without extraction of any teeth. We chose enucleation (cystectomy) as a surgical procedure as the method of choice, because postoperative complications are the rarest, and the best healing is also provided. Аfter one month of surgery treatment, complete wound healing was recorded at the clinical control at the Department for oral surgery.