M P E G video trafic is expected to cause several problems in ATM networks, both f r o m performance and from architectural viewpoint. For the solution of these difficulties, appropriate video traffic models are needed. A detailed statistical analysis of newly generated long M P E G encoded video sequences is presented and the results are compared to those of existing data sets. Based on the results of the analysis, a layered modeling scheme for M P E G video trafic is suggested which will simplify the finding of appropriate models for a lot of performance analysis techniques.

Even though we have moved beyond the Industrial Age and into the Information Age, manufacturing remains an important part of the global economy.There is a need for the pervasive use of modeling and simulation for decision support in current and future manufacturing systems, and several challenges need to be addressed by the simulation community to realize this vision. First, an order of magnitude reduction in problem-solving cycles is needed. The second grand challenge is the development of real-time, simulation-based problem-solving capability. The third grand challenge is the need for true plug-and-play interoperability of simulations and supporting software. Finally, there is the biggest challenge facing modeling and simulation analysts today: that of convincing management to sponsor modeling and simulation projects instead of, or in addition to, more commonly used manufacturing system design and improvement methods such as lean manufacturing and six sigma.

International audienceIn this paper, we discuss scheduling problems in semiconductor manufacturing. Starting from describing the manufacturing process, we identify typical scheduling problems found in semiconductor manufacturing systems. We describe batch scheduling problems, parallel machine scheduling problems, job shop scheduling problems, scheduling problems with auxiliary resources, multiple orders per job scheduling problems, and scheduling problems related to cluster tools. We also present important solution techniques that are used to solve these scheduling problems by means of specific examples, and report on known implementations. Finally, we summarize some of the challenges in scheduling semiconductor manufacturing operations

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