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The challenges of high quality water for domestic use and particularly for potability must be overcome in its entire ramification for health and ecological environment. The aim of this study is to identify the conditions of domestic water sources in Ado-Ekiti. One water sample was drawn from the two different sources of water, that is, shallow well and Ureje River at Ureje, and two samples from one water source, that is, borehole at Ilupeju and ABUAD in Ado-Ekiti. Water samples were analyzed in the Laboratory. Parameters including turbidity, pH, jar, hardness, calcium hardness and alkalinity were determined. Results revealed that the water samples drawn from borehole were of good quality following WHO reference guidelines, whereas, for water from well in Ureje and from river in Ureje, the concentration of these parameters exceeded WHO reference guidelines. It can be concluded that water obtained from Ureje River and that from well in Ureje are unsuitable for drinking (based respectively on colour, turbidity, odour, jar and hardness as well as pH, jar, turbidity, colour, and odour). However, pH, calcium and alkalinity are good following WHO reference guidelines. Further, well in Ureje contained water which is suitable for drinking and domestic uses. Samples drawn from borehole were the most suitable following WHO reference guidelines. However, further improvement is required. Detailed studies revealing the underlying reason for drop in quality of deep groundwater in the study area are required.

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Characterization and treatment of greywater are major environmental issues in most nations of the world. The research aims to characterize and evaluate recycling technologies using an analytical hierarchical process for Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti (ABUAD) community. A survey was conducted around ABUAD to determine the number of functioning boreholes and active water systems in the area, the total population of students was derived from the total head count of each room and student in each hostel, and a population projection for the next 3 years was conducted to determine the rate at which the student body will grow in terms of future water demands, and daily water volume and questionnaires were used to collect data. Before developing the small-scale model of the greywater filter system (consisting of activated carbon, shaft sand, pebbles, cotton fiber, and gravel), water grey samples were gathered from several ABUAD locations to evaluate the pollution level of each greywater source. A total of 88 students (43 males and 45 females) replied to the survey, revealing their high need for clean water and their dissatisfaction with the water supply in their respective hostels. The water quality tests conducted in the various locations of ABUAD reveal high levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) and turbidity, particularly in the girl’s hostels, and the water was discovered to be predominantly alkaline. After passing a sample of greywater through the small-scale greywater filtering device, it was determined to be effective, since it produced clear, reusable water and a greywater filtration system in ABUAD will yield favorable outcomes.

There are notching unresolved issues and environmental hazards traceable to flood and erosion in major rural areas and notable communities in Nigeria. Researchers’ efforts on erosion control and flood mitigation have not yielded notable fruits due to inadequate planning and implementation strategies. Maintenance of roads and other infrastructures are the bed rock of any development round the globe. This paper assessed recent occurrence of flood and erosion. The study examined the causes, urban and regional planning of the affected area, construction practices, damages and maintenance practices. Questionnaires, field study and interview of experts were wont to elicit information from people within the affected location, officials from state and native government agencies charged with rehabilitation of affected areas. The research finding revealed that there are inadequate drainage systems, lack of enforcement of plan, corruptions, failure of systems, poor supervision, construction malpractices, lackadaisical attitude and lack of maintenance culture. Implementation strategies were highlighted to avert flood and erosion ravaging several areas of the country. The paper concluded that stakeholders, researchers, engineers should partner with government agencies within the planning, construction, management and maintenance of rural and concrete drainages for adequate funding and sustainable construction. It is recommended that strategies for alleviating flood and erosion should be implemented supported latest technology for sustainable infrastructural development. Periodic hazard assessment should be planned in various geopolitical zones especially Lagos, Niger delta and rain forest region of Nigeria. Land use control, landscape maintenance, weather stations, proper enforcement of construction works consistent with plan should be strategically put in situ for effective monitoring and alleviation of flood and erosion in Nigeria.