Background and Objectives: Medicinal plants persevere to facilitate developments in novel therapeutic pathways involved in the treatment of various diseases. This study investigated the cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory male rats in response to P. alliacea leaf extract. Materials and Methods: Twenty adult male Albino rats weighing 150±1.8 g were grouped randomly into four (n = 5) namely; control (Group 1): Feed and water only, Group 2: P. alliacea leaf aqueous extract only for 7 days, Group 3: Injected with lipopolysaccharide and Group 4: Injected with lipopolysaccharide, treated with P. alliacea leaf aqueous extract for 7 days. After the administration, the rats were sacrificed and blood was collected, brain and liver were excised homogenized and stored at 4EC for determination of cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations using the spectrophotometry method.Results: The administration of P. alliacea resulted in the up-regulation of plasma, erythrocytes cholesterol and liver triglycerides concentrations as well as down-regulation of plasma triglycerides, brain cholesterol and liver cholesterol concentrations. It was observed that lipopolysaccharide significantly (p<0.05) decreased the cholesterol concentration of the liver, plasma, erythrocytes along with brain cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations but significantly (p<0.05) increased the liver triglycerides concentration compared to the control and P. alliacea group respectively. However, administration of P. alliacea leaf aqueous extract to lipopolysaccharide-induced rat, reverse the up/down-regulation of cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations. Conclusion: P. alliacea leaf aqueous extract override the impact of lipopolysaccharide.

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