A remarkable correlation between chaotic systems and cryptography has been established with sensitivity to initial states, unpredictability, and complex behaviors. In one development, stages of a chaotic stream cipher are applied to a discrete chaotic dynamic system for the generation of pseudorandom bits. Some of these generators are based on 1D chaotic map and others on 2D ones. In the current study, a pseudorandom bit generator (PRBG) based on a new 2D chaotic logistic map is proposed that runs side-by-side and commences from random independent initial states. The structure of the proposed model consists of the three components of a mouse input device, the proposed 2D chaotic system, and an initial permutation (IP) table. Statistical tests of the generated sequence of bits are investigated by applying five evaluations as well as the ACF and NIST. The results of five standard tests of randomness have been illustrated and overcome a value of 0.160 in frequency test. While the run test presents the pass value t0=4.769 and t1=2.929. Likewise, poker test and serial test the outcomes was passed with 3.520 for poker test, and 4.720 for serial test. Finally, autocorrelation test passed in all shift numbers from 1 to 10.
Honeywords (decoy passwords) have been proposed to detect attacks against hashed password databases. For each user account, the original password is stored with many honeywords in order to thwart any adversary. The honeywords are selected deliberately such that a cyber-attacker who steals a file of hashed passwords cannot be sure, if it is the real password or a honeyword for any account. Moreover, entering with a honeyword to login will trigger an alarm notifying the administrator about a password file breach. At the expense of increasing the storage requirement by 24 times, the authors introduce a simple and effective solution to the detection of password file disclosure events. In this study, we scrutinise the honeyword system and highlight possible weak points. Also, we suggest an alternative approach that selects the honeywords from existing user information, a generic password list, dictionary attack, and by shuffling the characters. Four sets of honeywords are added to the system that resembles the real passwords, thereby achieving an extremely flat honeywords generation method. To measure the human behaviours in relation to trying to crack the password, a testbed engaged with by 820 people was created to determine the appropriate words for the traditional and proposed methods. The results show that under the new method it is harder to obtain any indication of the real password (high flatness) when compared with traditional approaches and the probability of choosing the real password is 1/k, where k = number of honeywords plus the real password.
This paper proposes a new password generation technique on the basis of mouse motion and a special case location recognized by the number of clicks to protect sensitive data for different companies. Two, three special locations click points for the users has been proposed to increase password complexity. Unlike other currently available random password generators, the path and number of clicks will be added by admin, and authorized users have to be training on it. This method aims to increase combinations for the graphical password generation using mouse motion for a limited number of users. A mathematical model is developed to calculate the performance of the password. The proposed technique in this paper allows the user to keep the ease-of-use in the mouse motion, while minimizing the risk of password guessing. A comparative evaluation has been conducted against a traditional password. The results show that the proposed approach improves the complexity 200% for fix position technique and two variants technique but more than 200% for three variants technique.
Background and Aim: due to the rapid growth of data communication and multimedia system applications, security becomes a critical issue in the communication and storage of images. This study aims to improve encryption and decryption for various types of images by decreasing time consumption and strengthening security. Methodology: An algorithm is proposed for encrypting images based on the Carlisle Adams and Stafford Tavares CAST block cipher algorithm with 3D and 2D logistic maps. A chaotic function that increases the randomness in the encrypted data and images, thereby breaking the relation sequence through the encryption procedure, is introduced. The time is decreased by using three secure and private S-Boxes rather than using six S-Boxes, as in the traditional method. Moreover, the CAST encryption algorithm was modified to be used on the private keys and substitution stage (S-Boxes), with the keys and S-Boxes of the encryption algorithm being generated according to the 2D and 3D chaotic map functions. The proposed system passed all evaluation criteria, including (MSE, PSNR, EQ, MD, SC, NC, AD, SNR, SIM, MAE, Time, CC, Entropy, and histograms). Results: Moreover, the results also illustrate that the created S-Boxes passed all evaluation criteria; compared with the results of the traditional method that was used in creating S-Box, the proposed method achieved better results than other methods used in the other works. The proposed solution improves the entropy which is between (7.991–7.999), reduces the processing time which is between (0.5–11 s/Images), and improves NCPR, which is between (0.991–1). Conclusions: The proposed solution focuses on reducing the total processing time for encryption and decryption and improving transmission security. Finally, this solution provides a fast security system for surgical telepresence with secure real-time communication. The complexity of this work needs to know the S-Box creation method used, the chaotic method, the values of the chaotic parameters, and which of these methods was used in the encryption process.
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