Lightweight ciphers are defined as symmetric ciphers. They could be categorized into stream and block ciphers. A stream cipher is faster and less complex than block ciphers so it is suitable with the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT is composed of many interconnected constrained devices that share and exchange data and information among each other continuously. Therefore, IoT devices must ensure basic security characteristics to protect that information. In this paper, we will make a survey on a solution that used stream cipher in cryptography. This survey investigates a detailed flow of the stream ciphers such as algorithm design pattern, key size, internal state, throughput, the vulnerability in security, and the initial vectors for comparison among various types of stream ciphers from lightweight cryptographic solutions. The goals of this survey are to discover the most effective IoT protection solution and to look at lightweight cryptographic solutions by taking into account the constraints the IoT devices have, as well as how does researched symmetric key cryptographic solution analysis work. The conclusion is the Fruit stream cipher has good resistance to known attacks, whereas the Enocoro128 and F-FCSR stream ciphers have large throughputs, as well as a WG, Grain, and MICKEY-128 stream ciphers are faster and more suitable to constrained devices (e.g., IoT) than other studied algorithms.

The movement of people between cities is leading to a recovery in the economy that transportation companies have begun to dominate. These companies start providing the best services to customers and promoting them through workers to earn money properly. From this basis, this paper presents a system designed to manage a company that transports people and goods between a group of cities. Database management was used across the web to enable data exchange between workers. The database is designed to be accessible to workers. It has also been suggested that the elliptic curve can be used to generate public and private keys for all parties while the company's management generates a prime number every day to ensure the confidentiality of the exchanged data. In this proposal, the rivest-shamir-adleman (RSA) algorithm is used to encrypt transferred data. It uses technology to exchange information if the recipient is not connected to the network. The proposed system performs a good service for the company’s management in securing the transferred data where smartphone applications are designed to work on it.

Background and Aim: due to the rapid growth of data communication and multimedia system applications, security becomes a critical issue in the communication and storage of images. This study aims to improve encryption and decryption for various types of images by decreasing time consumption and strengthening security. Methodology: An algorithm is proposed for encrypting images based on the Carlisle Adams and Stafford Tavares CAST block cipher algorithm with 3D and 2D logistic maps. A chaotic function that increases the randomness in the encrypted data and images, thereby breaking the relation sequence through the encryption procedure, is introduced. The time is decreased by using three secure and private S-Boxes rather than using six S-Boxes, as in the traditional method. Moreover, the CAST encryption algorithm was modified to be used on the private keys and substitution stage (S-Boxes), with the keys and S-Boxes of the encryption algorithm being generated according to the 2D and 3D chaotic map functions. The proposed system passed all evaluation criteria, including (MSE, PSNR, EQ, MD, SC, NC, AD, SNR, SIM, MAE, Time, CC, Entropy, and histograms). Results: Moreover, the results also illustrate that the created S-Boxes passed all evaluation criteria; compared with the results of the traditional method that was used in creating S-Box, the proposed method achieved better results than other methods used in the other works. The proposed solution improves the entropy which is between (7.991–7.999), reduces the processing time which is between (0.5–11 s/Images), and improves NCPR, which is between (0.991–1). Conclusions: The proposed solution focuses on reducing the total processing time for encryption and decryption and improving transmission security. Finally, this solution provides a fast security system for surgical telepresence with secure real-time communication. The complexity of this work needs to know the S-Box creation method used, the chaotic method, the values of the chaotic parameters, and which of these methods was used in the encryption process.

<span>Sensitive data exchanging among things over the Internet must be protected by a powerful cryptographic system. Conventional cryptographic such as advanced encryption standard (AES), and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) are not effective enough to protect internet of things (IoT) because of certain inveterate IoT properties like limited memory, computation, and bandwidth. Nowadays, chaotic maps with high sensitivity to initial conditions, strong ergodicity, and non-periodicity have been widely used in IoT security applications. So, it is suitable for IoT. Also, in a stream cipher method, the user needs to deliver the keystream to all clients in advance. Consequently, this paper proposed a method to solve the keys distribution problem based on combine both Chebyshev and logistic maps techniques as well as a master key to generate a random key. The suggested method was compared with the other stream cipher algorithms (Chacha20, RC4, Salsa20) by utilizing the same plaintext and master key as input parameters and the results were successful in the statistical national institute of standards and technology (NIST) test. Simultaneously, the suggestion was evaluated through different evaluation methods like statistical NIST test, histogram, Shannon entropy, correlation coefficient analysis, keyspace and key sensitivity, and others. All mentioned tests are passed successfully. Therefore, the suggested approach was proved it is effective in security issues.</span>

Cloud computing is new technology that provides cheaper, easier, and more powerful processes to customers over internet. The cloud service provider (CSP) provides virtualized resources on Internet instead of using software or storage on a local computer. The economic benefits are the main reason for using cloud computing. Cloud computing dynamically delivers everything as a service (XaaS) over the internet based on user demand, such as network, operating system, storage, hardware, software, and resources. Thus, many security and privacy issues must be taken into consideration. The services of cloud computing are usually classified into three types: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS). This paper aims to achieve two main goals. The first is to review the field of cloud computing with an emphasis on the identity and access management (IAM) in the cloud. Secondly, we will report on our ongoing work for developing a novel system for IAM based on the techniques of Identity-Based Cryptography (IBC) security mediated cryptography. The proposed system architecture will be outlined along with some of the major operational steps.