Objectives: To analyze patients who underwent intravesical BCG instillation for non-muscle invasive bladder tumor and to determine the frequency of complications after intravesical BCG instillation. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Departments of Urology and General Surgery, Pakistan Ordinance Factories Hospital Wah Cantt from 1st January 2019 till 31st December 2020. Methodology: Fifty patients; Results: The mean age was 57.06±7.93 years. Forty two patients (84%) were male and 8 patients (16%) were female. Four patients (8%) were Ta stage, 34 patients (68%) were Tis stage and 12 patients (24%) were T1 stage. Mean time interval between TURBT and BCG instillation was 28.68±5.07 days, mean number of BCG instillation cycles was 6.80±2.06 days. Ten (20%) patients had urinary tract infection, 19 (38%) patients had bladder TB, 9 (18%) patients had BCG sepsis, 5 (10%) patients had miliary TB, 2 (4%) patients had epidimo-orchitis, 2 (4%) patients developed ophthalmic complications, 1 (2%) patient had polyarthralgia, 1 (2%) patient had septic arthritis and 1 (2%) patient developed spinal Conclusion: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is most commonly used drug as chemotherapeutic agent for superficial bladder tumors after TURBT. Repeated cycles of BCG i.e. 6-12 cycles have been administered to patients. Previously most of symptoms i.e. LUTS, dysuria, hematuria were being associated with presence of tumor but now many case reports and few studies have associated these symptoms with BCG administration. Keywords: Superficial bladder carcinoma, Intravesical BCG, Lower urinary tract symptoms

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of drug in improving lower urinary tract symptoms for improved health care and better management of patients. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration of Study: Department of Urology, Department of General Medicine and Department of General Surgery, Pakistan Ordinance Factories Hospital, Wah Cantt from 1st January 2021 to 31st July 2022. Methodology: One hundred patients, age more than 45 years, moderate to severe prostate hyperplasia and prostrate size >50 gm were included. Detailes demographics were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients were divided into two groups randomly through lottery method. In group A; patients were given tablet Tamsulosin 0.4 mg once daily and in group B; patients were given tablet Silodosin 4 mg once daily for 12 weeks. Effectiveness between both groups were compared. Results: In group A, mean age of 59.70±7.45 years. In group B; mean age of 59.74±7.69 years. In group A; pre-treatment mean IPSS score 16.74±1.78 while in group B; mean score was 16.12±2.46. Pre-treatment PVR in group A was 57.62±8.9 while in group B mean PVR was 57.96±8.71. The post-treatment IPSS score showed that group A mean IPSS score of 9.26±1.61 while group B had mean IPSS score was 6.58±1.26 and P<0001. The post-treatment PVR volume results showed that group A mean PVR volume of 29.5±3.03 while group B had mean PVR was 25.12±1.94 and P<0001. Conclusion: The silodosin is an effective therapy for LUTS in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Keywords: Treatment, Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Lower urinary tract symptoms