OBJECTIVE:To determine the hearing levels of participants of a randomized group using a smartphone hearing application and to compare these results with the results from a pure-tone audiogram. MATERIALS and METHODS:A heterogenous group consisting of both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired participants were included in this study. Pure-tone audiogram thresholds were measured from 250 Hz to 8000 Hz, while smartphone measurements were obtained with a Samsung Galaxy GT-19500 S4 with a bundled headphone running the Hearing Test™ software (e-audiologia.pl), which was downloaded from the Google Play Store as a free application. We compared these results with those obtained from pure-tone audiograms performed by an audiologist as a reference. RESULTS:Validity analysis indicated that the results for each ear and each frequency were excellent (>0.75). We assessed the mean difference between the pure-tone audiogram and the smartphone hearing test results and found the absolute difference to be less than 8.8 dB.CONCLUSION: Smartphone hearing test applications are providing alternative tests that present low-cost solutions. Using the hearing application test may decrease the demand for audiological services in underserved areas. The study suggests that smartphone hearing test results are comparable to pure-tone audiometry results.

SummaryBackground:Sialolithiasis is a common disease of the major salivary glands, but it is rarely seen in the sublingual gland. Patients commonly experience pain and/or swelling, but dysphagia is presented in extended lesions.Case Report:In this report we present a 67-year-old woman who had 268 sialoliths in the sublingual gland, forming a huge mass and causing dysphagia. The diameter of the largest sialolith was approximately 4 mm. The diagnosis of sialolithiasis was confirmed pathologically.Conclusions:Multiple sublingual gland sialoliths are considered rare; they may cause symptoms like dysphagia and speech difficulty. To our knowledge our patient had more sialoliths in a sublingual gland than any previous reports in the literature.

In comparison with the paper patch method, PRF, a new method, provided more rapid healing with more successful audiological results, and with no requirement for a second procedure.

Background Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a noninvasive, safe, cost‐effective, diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of salivary gland lesions and the selection of patients for surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk of malignancy (ROM) according to the Milan reporting system of salivary gland FNA specimens using a liquid‐based cytology (LBC) technique. Methods The cytological diagnosis of 459 cases between 2014 and 2017 was revised according to the Milan reporting system. The FNAC results of 129 cases with a histological diagnosis were compared with respect to the final diagnosis. The ROM for each category calculated. Results The ROM was high in the indeterminate and malignant categories, while the ROM in the benign neoplasm category was low. Sensitivity and specificity analyzed in two different ways were 95.1% and 88.8%, 81%, and 77.7%, respectively. Conclusions When salivary gland lesions are evaluated together with clinical and radiological data, the LBC technique can be applied to salivary gland specimens based on the high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in liquid‐based samples reported according to the Milan system.

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