The comprehensive large-scale assessment of future available water resources is crucial for food security in countries dealing with water shortages like Iran. Kerman province, located in the south east of Iran, is an agricultural hub and has vital importance for food security. This study attempts to project the impact of climate change on available water resources of this province and then, by defining different scenarios, to determine the amount of necessary reduction in cultivation areas to achieve water balance over the province. The GFDL-ESM2M climate change model, RCP scenarios, and the CCT (Climate Change Toolkit) were used to project changes in climatic variables, and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used for hydrological simulation. The future period for which forecasts are made is 2020–2050. Based on the coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient, the CCT demonstrates good performance in data downscaling. The results show that under all climate change scenarios, most parts of the province are likely to experience an increase in precipitation yet to achieve water balance a 10% decrease in the cultivation area is necessary under the RCP8.5 scenario. The results of the SWAT model show that green water storage in central and western parts of the province is higher than that in other parts.

Since the construction of dam is significantly important both according to economic and safety aspects, it should be carefully assessed before construction. The use of available software is one of the evaluation and behavioral investigation methods. On this basis, we have investigated the effect of cutoff wall on the seepage flow, uplift pressure, etc, in the body of earth dam in Baft city through numerical modeling using the finite element method through GeoStudio software package. The results of this analysis indicate that the location and dimensions of cutoff wall significantly affects its performance on reducing the seepage flow. The soil type in terms of permeability is another important parameter and the results indicate that the one-time reduction of soil dam penetration reduces the seepage flow by 97%. Keywords

The current work aimed to fabricate a new cocaine sensor of octahedral palladium-doped cobaltite composite (Oh-Pd 2 + : Co 3 O 4 -C) using a simple hydrothermal protocol. As-fabricated cocaine sensing approach was validated by various methods. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were recruited to characterize our charged modified composite. The electrode could sensitively detect cocaine, with a lengthy linear range (0.01 μM-900.0 μM) and a limit of detection (1.3 nM). The quantitative cocaine determination was achieved in the biological specimens using our modified electrode, the results of which displayed admirable outcomes.

This  study investigated the discharge coefficient in asymmetric rectangular labyrinth weirs. A dimensional analysis was carried out which showed that the discharge coefficient is a function of dimensionless parameters, such as the ratio of asymmetric widths of left and right cycles (wL/wR), the ratio of the total hydraulic head to the weir height (Ht/P), and the weir length ratio (B/wavg). The experimental results for the discharge coefficient were found to decline as wL/wR increased or B/wavg decreased. For wL/wR = 1.19, the ratio B/wavg = 2.76 improves the discharge coefficient by nearly 12.7% compared to B/wavg = 3.1. For wL/wR = 1.42, the ratio B/wavg = 2.76 improves the discharge coefficient by nearly 34.2% compared to B/wavg = 3.1. For wL/wR = 1.70, the ratio B/wavg = 2.76 improves the discharge coefficient by nearly 30% compared to B/wavg = 3.1.

This paper analyzed the flow pattern around damaged and undamaged bridge piers in a channel with a mild slope. The experiments were carried out on a straight channel with a length of 12 meters and a slope of 0.008. Acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) was employed to collect three-dimensional flow velocity data, and the results were analyzed and compared with particle image velocimetry (PIV) data. Sediment Simulation in Intakes with Multiblock option (SSIIM) was incorporated for the numerical simulation of the flow in this study. Generally, the results obtained from the comparisons referred to the appropriate agreement between the numerical and the experimental data. The results showed that an undular hydraulic jump occurred at a distance of two meters from the channel entrance in every case; the maximum bed shear stress in the sloped channel was 12 times that in a horizontal channel for installing two damaged and undamaged piers. With this position of the piers in the sloped channel, the upstream water level underwent a 72.5% reduction compared to similar conditions in a horizontal channel, while the amount of this water level decrease was equal to 8.3% compared to the other cases in a sloped channel. In addition, with the presence of both piers, the maximum Froude number was 5.7 times that in a horizontal channel. Open channel flowBridge pier Hydraulic jump Bed shear stress Acoustic Doppler velocimeter CORRESPONDENCE Omid Tayari