Community pharmacists in Lagos had poor knowledge about pharmacovigilance. Reporting rate was also poor. There is an urgent need for educational programs to train pharmacists about pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting.

Various types of AEs were seen and documented during the CEM programme. The findings suggested that the AA/AL monitored during this programme was generally safe and remarkably well tolerated among the Nigerian populations.

ABSTRACT:The vast application of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) in packaging, greenhouses, homes etc has led to its huge accumulation as a municipal solid waste with monumental health, economic and environmental consequences. Since these are non-biodegradable and their photodegradation occurs only over a very long period, their economic conversion to energy products through pyrolysis is the thrust of this study. LDPE sample collected from the University of Ilorin Community was thermally degraded in a pyrolyser at temperatures ranging from 203 -400 o C. The products of pyrolysis were in three (3) states of matter and both the liquid and solid products were analysed using FTIR to determine the functional groups and GC-MS for the hydrocarbons present in the products. For the GC-MS analysis, the peaks that had 90% above quality when compared with the compounds in the installed NIST11 library were reported. There were alkanes, alkenes, halogenated alkanes, and very few aromatics in the liquid product and, the hydrocarbons were observed to range between C10 -C27. The FTIR and GC-MS results show the potential of the oil obtained as renewable source of energy while that for residue shows its inherent energy content. The liquid product was refluxed over molecular sieve catalyst (US 2882244A) and the calorific value was found to increase from 13,974 kJ/kg to 15,815.52 kJ/kg and this is found to be comparable to the range for lignite and dry wood. © JASEM https://dx.doi.org/10. 4314/jasem.v21i6.20

The suitability of three different types of extraction kinetic models (one-step, two-step and threestep models) for neem oil was investigated in this study. Solvent extraction using n-hexane at temperatures range between 303K and 323 K; 360minutes of extraction time were experimented and the oil yield calculated. The three models were fitted to the experimental data obtained. The oil yield increased from 31.80 % to 41% at 303K and 323 K, respectively and the equilibrium was reached at 300 minutes. The saturation extraction capacity (C s) increased from 35.0631 gL-1 to 42.9698 gL-1 303K and 323 K, respectively for one step model and the R 2 ranged between 0.9874 and 0.9998. The washing mass transfer coefficient (C e W) of oil yields at equilibrium accounts for about 60% of the extraction in the two-step model and the R 2 ranged between 0.9840 and 0.9960. The first coefficient of diffusion (w e d1) in the three-step model had is higher value than the second (w e d2) and R 2 ranged between 0.9920 and 0.9980. The three-step model best fitted the experimental data.