Background and objective: The new trend that widely accepted in health care institutions is to implement an evidence-based practice. Health facilities frequently integrate standards of practice that reveal current best evidence to increase patients’ outcomes and consequently decrease hospital cost. Transfusion of blood is a cornerstone in managing many critically ill children. However, nurses have a chief role in transfusing blood and their knowledge and performance are important for them to transfuse blood safely and efficiently. Aim: Evaluate the effectiveness of implementing evidence based nursing practices guidelines on quality of nursing care and patients' safety as regards blood transfusion to improve transfusion practices and ensure safety.Methods: A quasi-experimental design. Settings: This study was conducted at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Room, Medical and Surgical Wards, Hematology/Oncology Units in Children Hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospitals. Sample: A convenience sample composed of 95 pediatric nurses, whom were willingness to participate in the study and 78 children whom were receiving blood transfusion. Tools: I. A Self-Administered Questionnaire Sheet to assess nurses’ knowledge regarding blood transfusion; II. Child’s Medical Record to collect data about child’s health status; III. An Observational Competence Checklist to assess the quality of actual nurses’ practices about Blood Transfusion; and IV. Evidence Based Nursing Practices Guidelines of Blood Transfusion that was described the EBNP guidelines that provide a standardized approach for transfusion (before and after).Results: The studied nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding to blood transfusion were improved and reflected a highly significant differences before and after guidelines implementation.Conclusions: The present study concluded that studied nurses showed an improvement in their knowledge and practices regarding blood transfusion after implementation of evidence based nursing practices guidelines. Recommendation: It is essential that all nurses who administer blood transfusion for children should complete periodic in-services training programs to keep them up to date regarding to safe and efficient administration of blood transfusion.

Background: Exchange transfusion is emergency procedure for severe neonatal hyperbilirbinemia in the world. This procedure need a medical continued expertise for life-saving intervention and nursing care for preparation pre, during and post procedures Aim: Assess nurses 'performance in caring of neonates undergoing blood exchange transfusion in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Design: A descriptive design was utilized. Subjects and Setting of the study included forty nurses working in different places namely Elshohada Hospital, University Hospital affiliated to Elmonfia, General Shoubra Hospital and 7 Ahmad Maher Teaching Hospital. Tools: Two tools:1. Predesigned Questionnaire, 2. Observational checklists. Results: the study results revealed that one quarter of the studied nurses had good knowledge regarding exchange transfusion for the neonates. Also, more than two thirds of the studied nurses had competent practices regarding care of neonates undergoing exchange transfusion. There was statistically significant relation between total score level of nurses' knowledge regarding exchange transfusion for the neonates and their total score level of practices. Conclusion: Based on findings of the current study, it can be concluded that minority of studied nurses had good knowledge and more than half of them had competent practices regarding care of neonates undergoing exchange transfusion. Recommendations: Encourage nurses to improve and update their knowledge and practices through attending training programs, conference and workshops about care of neonates undergoing exchange transfusion.

Background and Objective: Sleep is a basic human need and has a necessary role in individual’s life, functioning, overall health and well-being. Sleep is necessary for college students’ intellectual, emotional and physical health, also for their cognitive performance that significantly affected by sleep quality. Aim: To investigate the effect of fostering the sleep instructional guidelines for nursing students regarding their sleep quality, academic performance and psychosocial behavior.Methods: Design: A quasi-experimental study design was utilized. Setting: Faculty of Nursing at Umm Al-Qura University in Makkah Al-Mukramh affiliated to the Ministry of Education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Sample: A purposive sample composed of 85 males and females nursing students from all academic years. Tools: Three tools were used Pre & Post including: (1) A self-administered Questionnaire Sheet, (2) Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and (3) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).Results: Slightly more than three quarters (78.82%) of nursing students their ages were ranged from 20-22 years and 69.41% of them were females. More than one fourth (27.06%) of students were having good sleep and 72.94% of them had poor sleep pre the sleep instructional guidelines compared with 81.18% and 18.82% of them post providing the instructional guidelines respectively.Conclusions: Fostering the instructional guidelines regarding sleep had positive effects on nursing students' sleep patterns in the form of sleep quality, bedtime at night, sleeping latency, sleeping efficiency and disturbances. In addition to enhancing students' academic performance and modifying their psychosocial behavior regarding daytime dysfunction, coffee consuming in the evening, bedroom environment, social isolation, and use of social media. Recommendations: Future research should carry out for university students' sleep patterns on a broad category as a regional research project all over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) involving multidisciplinary team as doctors, nurses, psychologists, sociologists and nutritionists.