This paper focused on health costs, particularly their increase, from a management approach. This implied to underline those aspects associated with the resources used and the effectiveness of results for the health of individuals and populations. Five possible causes that might explain the multi-causality of the health cost increases were presented. Three of them had not been deeply analyzed in the studies on health costs and had a basic management component: corruption, poor organization of service and irresponsible management of resources on the part of providers. The analysis of the last mentioned cause is extensive since it has a greater management interest, accounts for a high percentage of costs and it is at the same time an element that can be changed at the primary and secondary care levels by the managers. In order to extend the analytical possibilities, the cause was seen as a problem to which Ishikawa´s cause/ effect diagram was applied. This allowed disclosing the subcauses upon which the managers might work to turn irresponsibility into co-responsibility. The last part of the paper analyzed each of these subcauses and made recommendations about the useful management methods, abilities and technologies to bring about the desired changes.
Objetivo. Establecer una transformación integral en el sistema de salud de la República Democrática de Timor Leste (2013-2016). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo investigación/acción desde una perspectiva gerencial, con el empleo exhaustivo de métodos, técnicas y herramientas asociadas al enfoque cualitativo y la gerencia en salud en la República Democrática de Timor Leste, durante el periodo 2013- 2016. Resultados: En una primera fase se realizó el análisis situacional a escala de país. Con estos elementos se definieron sucesivamente las prioridades estratégicas, los objetivos, indicadores y metas por cada perspectiva. Finalmente, el programa de cambios se organizó, se ejecutó el proceso de transformaciones y se fueron determinando los resultados. Se diseñaron y quedaron funcionando el Programa Nacional de Cáncer y el Programa Nacional de Atención Primaria; se introdujeron especialidades médicas y servicios asistenciales con los que no se contaba; se crearon nuevos enfoques para la gestión de los recursos humanos y, se elevó el nivel del trabajo científico, entre otros beneficios. Conclusiones. Se produjeron mejoras sustanciales en el sistema de salud y además se dejó creada una capacidad potencial para que dichos efectos sigan creciendo en cantidad y calidad. Palabras clave. reforma de la atención de salud, análisis situacional, cuadro de mando integral, tecnologías gerenciales
Es objetivo del trabajo compartir experiencias sobre desarrollo de competencias para emprender, en cursantes y asesorados por el proyecto INCUBA EMPRESAS, del Centro Loyola Reina, en La Habana, Cuba. Se fundamentó, elaboró y validó la primera versión de un perfil de competencias; así como creó un Observatorio, cuyos proyectos sirvieron de base a fin de rediseñar entrenamientos, y asesorías del programa, lo cual mejoró sus procesos y desempeños, aunque mitigados por factores contextuales. Se concluye generalizando esos resultados y proponiendo nuevas acciones. AbstractThe goal of this paper is to share experiences on development of competences for entrepreneurship in beneficiaries of training & advisory activities of INCUBA EMPRESAS project, of Queen Loyola Center, of Jesus Society, in La Habana, Cuba. The foundations, devise & validation of the first version of a competences profile is exposed. An Observatory was created, whose projects gave diagnosis & proposals as premises to redesign the abovementioned activities, improving processes & results, although mitigated due to environmental factors. Generalization of such upshots & new recommendations are given.
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