Twenty-three patients were referred after the unexpected finding of invasive cervix cancer at the time of total hysterectomy. Each was deemed a candidate for additional therapy and was treated surgically with a radical reoperation consisting of a lymphadenectomy, radical parametrectomy, and upper vaginectomy. When compared with patients undergoing radical hysterectomy at this institution, this reoperation was not technically more difficult as judged by the objective measures of operative time and blood loss. The risk of perioperative morbidity was not greater than radical hysterectomy. The surgical findings obviated the need for additional radiation therapy in more than 73% of patients. While therapy for all patients must be individualized, a radical reoperation should be considered a safe and efficacious alternative to pelvic radiation for patients who are deemed to require additional therapy in this clinical situation.

This paper examines tree injection from the view point of the contracting arborist. Contract arborists are responsible for applying the art and science of tree injection, as developed by the utility foresters, city arborists and chemical manufacturers to its commercial phase. In making a commercial application of plant growth regulators to trees, specifically those trimmed around electrical wires, the contract arborist has encountered a multitude of unexpected situations. These operational problems continually hinder the practice, development and refinement of this new science or management tool. Problems of tree physiology and program implementation were not solved until the desired material could be placed in the tree accurately and consistently. Today many equipment variations exist, each filling a perceived need in the search for reliable trunk injection equipment.

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