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Many historical city centres are currently undergoing major transformation thanks to projects financed by a range of institutions. In general, they have suffered a loss of habitability, functionality and social life as they have become seen as museum pieces and places of leisure and culture.They are, then, inhabited by one group, the residents, and used and enjoyed by others for the purposes of leisure and cultural tourism.This article examines the characteristics, problems presented and solutions offered for the historical centres of medium-sized cities in Southern Europe. It offers a study of the historical centre of the city of León, in Spain, in order to make suggestions for the sustainable development of such places.

The main focus of this study is the analysis of the link between sport, leisure and the behavior, and phenomenon of religion. From the qualitative point of view of social anthropology, fieldwork has been carried out with different informers from different sporting environments. Rather than directly show the fieldwork itself, we have decided to present an interpretation of it through an analysis of the environments, behaviors, attitudes, the discourse of leisure and sport and its relationship with market forces, advertising and the media. In this regard, we point out a reality which for some people is their conscience or reason for being, opening new directions of study and viewpoints in this area of sporting and health studies.

This paper reviews the situation to be found in various parts of the world in respect of violence exercised against women and children. Firstly, data provided by international organizations dealing with this problem will be used to examine the most recent bloody cases from India, followed by Afghanistan, Somalia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Indonesia, Colombia, Mexico, South Africa and Yemen. However, secondly, it will be seen that the situation is no less worrying in closer cultural environments, where problems of gender violence are adapting to progress and social changes, so that the Internet has become a place where women, and especially younger females, meet with harassment. The conclusion will be that in both instances the underlying situation is similar: domestic violence, sexual abuse against children and girls, harassment at work or rape, whether by a partner or a stranger, regardless of culture, religion or economy.

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