Many citizens have disengaged from participation in civic life with a resulting call for new initiatives in civic education. Many of these programs have had little research on citizens' prior conceptions of participation. In this article, we provide a map of the conceptions of civic participation, specifically voting, held by two groups: recent African immigrants to Canada and native born Canadians. Youth understand voting as a key element of democratic governance, a hard won democratic right, and a duty of democratic citizenship yet most indicate they do not plan to vote because voting does not make a difference.
For much of Canada's history, diversity has been a defining characteristic of the country and has preoccupied and bedevilled policymakers. Policy and practice in Canada has moved from attempts to assimilate minority groups to fostering respect and appreciation for diversity. We argue, however, that attention to diversity education remains superficial and limited. In this article we provide an overview of policy and practice in education about and for diversity in Canada, make connections between that and policy and practice in citizenship education. We also review findings from research in the area, and lay out possible directions for moving the field forward. Like other democracies Canada has struggled to balance recognition and respect for diversity with concerns about social cohesion and we believe Canada's unique experience in this area can provide valuable insights to researchers and practitioners in other jurisdictions.
Around the world there is concern about the disengagement of citizens from participation in civic life. Emerging from that concern have been calls for new initiatives in civic education and many jurisdictions have developed and implemented new programs in the area. Much of this work has gone forward with little or no research on the prior conceptions of participation that exist among citizens. This paper reports on a study designed to map the conceptions of civic participation held by a group of recent African immigrants to Canada compared with a group of native-born Canadians. The focus here is on findings that indicate participants made a clear distinction between civic activities they saw as political and those they saw as nonpolitical. These findings coincide with theoretical literature that posits a divide between the two and raises implications for curriculum planners and teachers attempting to broaden conceptions of the political and foster engagement. Le désengagement des citoyens de la participation à la vie civique est un souci partout dans le monde. C’est ainsi qu’émergent de ce problème des appels au développement de nouvelles initiatives en faveur de l’éducation civique et que plusieurs juridictions ont développé et mis en oeuvre de nouveaux programmes dans le domaine. Beaucoup de ce travail a été réalisé alors qu’on n’avait pour ainsi dire pas de recherche sur les conceptions de la participation qui existent déjà chez les citoyens. Cet article présente une étude qui vise à dresser le portrait des conceptions de la participation civique d’un groupe d’immigrants africains récemment arrivés au Canada et de les comparer avec celles d’un groupe de Canadiens de naissance. L’accent est mis ici sur les résultats qui montrent que les participants font une distinction claire entre les activités civiques qu’ils considèrent comme des activités politiques et celles qu’ils considèrent ne pas être politiques. Ces résultats vont dans le même sens que les théories qui posent comme postulat une séparation entre les deux et soulèvent des implications pour les planificateurs de programmes et pour les enseignants qui tentent d’élargir les conceptions du politique et d’encourager l’engagement politique.
Across Canada and around the world, online technologies are becoming widely used and accepted as effective modes of learning. This essay traces the initial forays into teaching online classes by three Faculty of Education professors at one small Canadian university and an instructional designer / teacher who joined part-way through the research journey. Included are our understandings of how our teaching practices evolved amidst initial uncertainties and expanding abilities, our renewed awareness of the importance of collegial support and encouragement, and the implications for future online teaching experiences. Our essay provides an intimate window into our online teaching journeys and captures specific moments we experienced at various stages in the development of our e-instructional practices. The account of our processes of becoming online teacher educators is supported by an interweaving of historical and current literature on pedagogy and e-learning, and serves to address the dearth of research into the processes educators undergo when engaged in online teaching. Les technologies offertes en ligne sont de plus en plus utilisées et acceptées comme mode d'apprentissage efficace au Canada et dans le monde. Le présent essai décrit une première incursion dans les classes d'enseignement en ligne de trois professeurs de la faculté d'éducation d'une petite université canadienne. Un concepteur de matériel pédagogique et enseignant s'est également joint à l'équipe au cours de la recherche. Cet essai porte sur notre compréhension de l'évolution de nos pratiques pédagogiques parmi les incertitudes initiales et l’acquisition graduelle de nouvelles capacités. Il porte également sur notre prise de conscience de l'importance du soutien et de l'encouragement des pairs, de même que sur les conséquences pour de futures expériences d'enseignement en ligne. Le présent essai constitue une fenêtre intime donnant sur notre expérience d'enseignement en ligne et fait état des moments particuliers que nous avons vécus à diverses étapes de l'évolution de nos pratiques technopédagogiques. La description des processus qui nous ont amenés à devenir des éducateurs enseignant en ligne est étayée par une combinaison de documentation historique et actuelle sur la pédagogie et l'apprentissage en ligne. Cette description vise à combler la pénurie de recherche sur les processus que suivent les éducateurs qui adoptent ce mode d’enseignement.
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