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Objectives: Relationship between several diseases and the mutations on the gene that is encoding MTHFR enzyme has been investigated. Studies are focused on the best known mutations; MTHFR C677T and A1298C. This study is planned for determining the frequency of C677T and A1298C polymorphism of MTHFR gene for individuals who have this kind of polymorphisms. Materials and methods:164 individuals who were determined MTHFR polymorphism in Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital Biochemistry Laboratory were included in the study. 44 of them were men and 120 of them were women. The mean of age of the patients were 48, 4±16,8 year (18-76). MTHFR polymorphism was assayed by ROCHE Light Cycler 1.5 Real Time PCR. Results:In 109 of 164 patients (66.5%) MTHFR C677T polymorphisms were determined. While 89 of these patients (54.3%) were heterozygote, 20 of them were (12.2%) homozygote mutant type. In 95 patients (57.9%) A1298C mutation was determined, 76 (46.3%) were heterozygote and 19 of them (11.6%) had homozygote mutant genotype. Patients number with both mutations together was 40 (24.4%). In the study group, no difference was found in frequency of MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C polymorphisms (p>0.05). Conclusions:In our study, it is seen that in individuals determined polymorphism, even MTHFR A1298C polymorphism can be found as frequent as C677T polymorphism. J Clin Exp Invest 2012; 3(4): 472-476

(CKD-EPI). In this study, we aimed to show the limits of the difference and correlations in the values of glomerular filtration rate formulas based serum creatinine measurements by using the measurement of creatinine autoanalyzers belonging to four different companies, using the Jaffe reaction. Methods: Serum samples of forty five patients, who had been admitted to Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital samples were analysed for serum creatinine with Jaffe method on five different analyzers. Glomerular filtration rate calculation was done with BMDRD, Ex-MDRD, CG and CKD-EPI and compared statistically. Paired Student's T test was done to detect the differences between the analyzers for each glomerular filtration rate. Also, Pearson's correlation analysis was used for evaluation of correlation between different analyzers and formulas. Results: Glomerular filtration rates calculated with CG formula in all analyzers and with CKD-EPI formula in most of the analyzers were statistically compatible with each other (p<0.05). Conclusion: Differences between the calculation of glomerular filtration rate is caused by differences in creatinine measurement. However, this difference in our study for glomerular filtration rate values calculated by the CG and CKD-EPI formulas were not significant as the other formula based glomerular filtration rate calculations were. For this reason, we concluded that patients can be followed in different treatment centers more healthy with widespread reporting of glomerular filtration rate values calculated with CG and CKD-EPI formulas.

Objective: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) determination is a simple and inexpensive laboratory test that is frequently ordered in clinical medicine. The test measures the distance that erythrocytes have fallen after one hour in a vertical column of anticoagulated blood under the influence of gravity. In this study it was aimed to determine the frequency of diseases which ESRs were over 100 mm/h in patients aged 65 and over. Method:In this study patients aged 65 and over who were treated in Turgut Özal University Hospital were retrospectively examined. Patients whose ESRs were over 100 mm/h were analyzed recording their ages, genders, ESRs and diagnoses. Diagnoses were divided into five groups: (i) infection; (ii) malignancy; (iii) inflammatory/connective tissue diseases; (iv) renal diseases; (v) miscellaneous diseases. Results:Two hundred five patients aged 65 and over whose ESRs were over 100 mm/h were analyzed. 115 of patients were women (56%) and 90 of them were men (44%). Age means of patients were 74.9 ± 6.45 and ESR means were 114.9 ± 14.8. When distribution according to disease groups was assessed, infection took the first rank (37.5%), malignancy took the second rank (21.9%), miscellaneous diseases took the third rank (21.4%), renal diseases took the forth rank (15.1%). ÖZETAmaç: Eritrosit sedimentasyon hızı (ESH) klinik tıpta sıklıkla istenen basit ve ucuz bir laboratuvar testidir. Test antikoagulanlı kan tüpündeki eritrositlerin yerçekimi etkisiyle dikey olarak bir saat içinde düştüğü mesafeyi ölçer. ESH'nin aşırı yükselmesi (≥ 100 mm/saat) sıklıkla ciddi hastalıklar ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada 65 yaş ve üstü hastalarda ESH'nin 100 mm/saat'i geçtiği hastalıkları ve oranlarını tespit etmek amaçlandı. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada Turgut Özal ÜniversitesiHastanesi'nde tedavi gören 65 yaş ve üstü hastalar geriye dönük incelendi. ESH'si 100 mm/saat'in üzerinde olanların yaş, cinsiyet, sedimentasyon hızı ve tanıları kaydedilerek analiz yapıldı. Tanılar beş gruba ayrıldı: (i) enfeksiyon; (ii) malignensi; (iii) inflamatuvar/konnektif doku hastalıkları; (iv) renal hastalıklar; (v) diğer hastalıklar. ESH Westergren tekniği ile sodyum sitrat antikoagülanlı tam kan kullanılarak ölçüldü. Okumalar bir saatlik inkübasyondan sonra yapıldı. Bulgular: ESH'si 100 mm/saati geçen 65 yaş ve üstü 205 hasta analiz edildi. Hastaların 115'i kadın (%56), 90'ı erkekti (%44). Hastaların yaş ortalaması 74,9 ± 6,45, eritrosit sedimentasyon hızı ortalaması 114,9 ± 14,8 idi. Hastalık gruplarına göre dağılım incelendiğinde enfeksiyon hastalıkları birinci sırayı alırken (%37,5), ikinci sırada malignensiler (%21,9), üçüncü sırada diğer hastalıklar (%21,4), dördüncü sırada böbrek hastalıkları

Objective: Our aim was to determine whether cystatin C level has a superiority to creatinine to assess kidney functions in rapid decreases of glomerular filtration rate due to acute mercury exposure in children. Eight different glomerular filtration rate calculation formulas which have been used creatinine and/or cystatin C were also compared.Methods: Serum urea, creatinine and cystatin C values of 39 mercury exposed children were measured. Glomerular filtration rates were calculated by eight different formulas. Patient group was divided into three subgroups according to mercury levels.Results: Cystatin C and mercury levels of the patients were found significantly different from control group (p<0.001). There was not a significant difference in creatinine and urea values between two groups (p=0.913, p=0.236). There was not a significant difference between patient and control groups in GFR calculations which have been used serum creatinine and height or which have been used urea additional to them (p=0.069, p=0.559, p=0.424, p=0.945, respectively), but there was a significant difference between patient and control groups in GFR calculations which have been used cystatin C only or creatinine, urea and height in addition to this (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.042, p<0.001, respectively). In sugroup analysis, cystatin C results and the results of three GFR calculations of four GFR calculations which were used cystatin C were found different in control group according to subgroups but there was not a difference between subgroups.Conclusion: Cystatin C level is a better indicator than creatinine to assess kidney functions in rapid decreases of glomerular filtration rate due to acute exposure of mercury. Formulas using cystatin C gave better results than formulas using creatinine and height in estimation of glomerular filtration rate.Özet: Amaç: Çocuklarda akut civa maruziyetine bağlı hızlı glomerüler fitrasyon hızı azalmalarında sistatin C düze-yinin böbrek fonksiyonlarını değerlendirme açısından Ceylan Bal et al.: Children with acute exposure of mercury 259 kreatinine üstün olup olmadığını belirlemeyi amaçladık. Ayrıca kreatinin ve/veya sistatin C kullanılan 8 ayrı glomerular filtrasyon hızı hesaplama formülünü birbiriyle karşılaştırdık.Metod: Civa maruziyeti yaşayan 39 çocuğun serum üre, kreatinin ve sistatin C düzeyleri ölçüldü. Glomerular filtrasyon hızı 8 farklı formülle hesaplandı. Hasta grubu civa seviyelerine göre üç subgruba bölündü. Bulgular: Hastaların sistatin C ve civa düzeyleri kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak farklı bulundu (p<0.001). Kreatinin ve üre açısından iki grup arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p=0.913, p=0.236). Serum kreatinini ve boy kullanılarak veya bunlara ilaveten üre değerleri kullanıla-rak yapılan GFR hesaplamalarında hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında anlamlı bir fark yokken (sırasıyla, p=0.069, p=0.559, p=0.424, p=0.945 ), yalnızca sistatin C veya buna ek olarak kreatinin, üre ve boyun kullanıldığı GFR hesaplamalarında hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında anlamlı bir fark vardı (sırasıyla, ...