(CKD-EPI). In this study, we aimed to show the limits of the difference and correlations in the values of glomerular filtration rate formulas based serum creatinine measurements by using the measurement of creatinine autoanalyzers belonging to four different companies, using the Jaffe reaction. Methods: Serum samples of forty five patients, who had been admitted to Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital samples were analysed for serum creatinine with Jaffe method on five different analyzers. Glomerular filtration rate calculation was done with BMDRD, Ex-MDRD, CG and CKD-EPI and compared statistically. Paired Student's T test was done to detect the differences between the analyzers for each glomerular filtration rate. Also, Pearson's correlation analysis was used for evaluation of correlation between different analyzers and formulas. Results: Glomerular filtration rates calculated with CG formula in all analyzers and with CKD-EPI formula in most of the analyzers were statistically compatible with each other (p<0.05). Conclusion: Differences between the calculation of glomerular filtration rate is caused by differences in creatinine measurement. However, this difference in our study for glomerular filtration rate values calculated by the CG and CKD-EPI formulas were not significant as the other formula based glomerular filtration rate calculations were. For this reason, we concluded that patients can be followed in different treatment centers more healthy with widespread reporting of glomerular filtration rate values calculated with CG and CKD-EPI formulas.

Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral hemorrhagic fever, which is common in Turkey and globally. The pathogenesis of coagulation disorders, which is seen in viral hemorrhagic fevers remains to be elucidated. Thrombin‐activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) has a key role in this process In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether TAFI levels contributed to bleeding and whether it is related to prognosis in CCHF patients. Eighty‐four patients older than 15 years of age, who were admitted to our hospital who had positive immunoglobulin M (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) and/or polymerase chain reaction test results for CCHF between 2009 and 2010, were included in the study. The control group included 30 healthy adults. The plasma TAFI levels were compared between patients and controls, and also between patients with bleeding and no bleeding, and between patients with mild‐moderate and severe disease. The mean TAFI levels were lower in patients (mean: 87.82 ng/ml, median: 61.69 ng/ml (interquartile range [IQR] 30.49–537.95) than controls (mean: 313.5 ng/ml with a median: 338.5 ng/ml (IQR 182–418). However, median TAFI levels were significantly higher in patients with bleeding compared to those without bleeding (78.99 and 50.28 ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.032). Median IQR TAFI levels were similar between patients with mild‐moderate and severe disease (64.72 (41.37–113.85), and, 58.66 (42.44–118.93) ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.09) and survivors and nonsurvivors (86.14 ± 77.98 and 103.48 ± 69.92, respectively; p = 0.3). Although TAFI levels were lower in the patients with CCHF compared to healthy controls, it does not seem to be a major player in the prognosis.

Aim: Understanding immunopathogenesis of hepatitis-B virus (HBV) infection is pivotal in the management of complications. The aim of the study is to investigate the association of IgG4 levels with the liver fibrosis. Methods: Histological evaluation of the liver biopsy and laboratory analyses including IgG4 were performed. Results: A total of 130 patients fulfilling the criteria for a diagnosis of HBV infection were enrolled in the study. Of these patients, 14 had HBeAg positive and 116 had HBeAg negative HBV infection. In HBeAg-positive patients serum IgG4 levels were significantly higher than HBeAg-negative patients (p = 0.038). Conclusion: There is an association of IgG4 level and higher rates of viral replication and enhanced infectivity.

Psoriazis, histolojik olarak epidermal hiperproliferasyon ve doğal katil hücreler ile sitotoksik T-hücreleri içeren infiltrasyonun gözlendiği, kronik papüloskuamöz bir hastalıktır. Bu hücrelerin yüksek miktarda perforin, granzim B ve granulizin (GNLY) içeren sitolitik molekülleri taşıdığı gösterilmiştir. Bu moleküllerin psoriazis patogenezindeki rolleri hala tartışmalıdır, serum GNLY ve katepsin-L (CL) seviyelerinin selüler immünite ile ilişkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada psoriaziste hastalık şiddeti ve süresiyle, CL ve GNLY seviyelerinin ilişkisini araştırdık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Prospektif ve randomize bu çalışmaya, Aralık 2014-Ağustos 2015 tarihleri arasında başvuran 40 psoriazis (23 erkek, 17 kadın) hastası ile yaş, cinsiyet uyumlu 40 gönüllü (23 erkek, 17 kadın) dahil edildi. CL ve GNLY serum seviyeleri ELISA yöntemiyle ölçüldü. Bulgular: CL ve GNLY seviyelerinde, psoriazis hastaları ve kontrol grubu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p=0,243 ve p=0,606). Düşük Psoriazis Alan Şiddet İndeksi (PAŞİ) skoru (≤10) olan psoriazis hastaları ile yüksek PAŞİ skoru (>10) olan hastalar arasında da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p=0,86 ve p=0,61). Background and Design: Psoriasis is a chronic papulosquamous disease where histologically epidermal hyperproliferation and infiltration involving natural killer cells and cytotoxic T-cells are observed. These cells have been shown to carry cytolytic molecules containing high amount of perforin, granzyme B and granulysin (GNLY). The roles of these molecules in the pathogenesis of psoriasis are still disputed, with serum GNLY and cathepsin-l (CL) levels thought to be associated with cellular immunity. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the severity and duration of psoriasis and the levels of CL and GNLY. Materials and Methods: Prospective and randomized study of 40 patients (23 males, 17 females) with psoriasis who admitted to hospital between December 2014 and August 2015, and 40 age and sex-matched healthy controls (23 males, 17 females) were investigated. CL and GNLY serum levels were measured by ELISA method. Results: There was no significant differences in GNLY and CL levels between psoriasis patients and the control group (p=0.243 and p=0.606). There was also no statistically significant difference between psoriasis patients with low Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) (≤10) and those with high PASI (>10) (p=0.86 and p=0.61) score. Conclusion: There are studies that have shown GNLY and CL in the psoriazis are important markers for disease pathogenesis. However, according to the results of this study, CL and GNLY levels are not sufficient markers to indicate the level of cellular immunity and disease severity in psoriasis. Future studies are needed on this subject with a wider range of patients.