Abstract. Observational studies performed in homogeneous groups to objectively investigate the cause and effect relationship between vitamin D deficiency and sleep disorders are scarce. In this study, it was aimed to analyze the relationship between the severity of OSAS and vitamin-D levels among the participants whose features affecting serum vit-D levels were minimised. Serum 25-OH vitamin-D levels in 121 OSAS Male patients diagnosed by polysomnography without any systemic disease or vitamin-D supplement that may effect the vitamin-D metabolism were measured. The study was conducted in winter (latitude: 41°). Anthropometric measures and biochemical tests were also performed. The distribution of vitamin-D levels was determined as severe deficiency, deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency. Apnea-hypopne index (AHI) < 5 was considered as a control group. Patients were categorized into four groups according to AHI as control, mild, moderate and severe. The groups were similar in terms of age, BMI, lipid profile, serum calcium, anthropometric measures and smoking. There was no significant difference in the distribution of vitamin-D levels between the patient and control groups and also within OSAS subgroups (p = 0.57, p = 0.86, respectively). Odds ratio to have OSAS in patients with vitamin-D deficiency was found as 0.745 (95 %CI: 0.33–1.7). Multinominal regression analysis showed no significant relationship between the OSAS severity and the extent of vitamin-D status. Correlation analysis showed no significant relationship between vitamin-D and AHI (r = 0.017, p = 0.877). Vitamin-D status does not alter the severity of OSAS. Vitamin-D deficiency might be the result of lifestyle changes due to OSAS rather than a cause.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a highly prevalent disorder which results in markedly reduced (hypopnea) or absent (apnea) airflow at the nose/mouth. Since vitamin D deficiency has found in an association with some disorders it is thought to be related with OSAS progression. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between VDR, VDBP mutations, vitamin D level and some environmental risk factors with OSAS. Fifty individuals who were diagnosed as OSAS were selected as patients, 50 healthy volunteers without any disease were selected as controls. FokI (rs2228570) and BsmI (rs1544410) mutations in VDR; rs4588 and rs7041 mutations in VDBP were investigated with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Other risk factors were also investigated. Results were evaluated statistically. Statistically significant differences were observed according to the baseline characteristics between the groups, When groups were compared with each other, CA genotype in rs4588, CC genotype in rs2228570 and AA genotype in rs1544410 mutations were found statistically significant in patients whereas TC genotype in rs2228570 and GA genotype in rs1544410 mutations were found statistically significant in controls. When the relation between risk factors and genotypes were investigated, statistically significant associations were detected for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), vitamin D and triglyceride levels. VDR and VDBP mutations were found highly related with OSAS. Possible tracking of these mutations and risk factors may help to understand the metabolism as well as the progression of the disease.

No abstract

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a disorder characterized by partial or complete narrowing of the pharyngeal airway during sleep. In this study it was aimed to investigate the relation between OSAS and different variants of the ApoE gene, and to identify other risk factors that may affect the development of the disease. Materials and Methods:Fifty-two patients with OSAS and 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled into the study. After collecting the necessary information associated with OSAS from the individuals, DNA was isolated from blood. ε2, ε3 and ε4 variants of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene were investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results:When the groups were compared with each other, age, body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, neck circumference, waist circumference, apnea hypopnea index, Epworth sleepiness scale, smoking, and daytime sleepiness were found statistically significant. The ε2 variant was found statistically high in the control group. Also, waist circumference, triglyceride and LDL levels were found statistically low in individuals with the ε2 genotype. In addition, triglyceride levels were found statistically high in individuals with the ε4 genotype. Conclusion:The presence of the ε2 variant in healthy individuals may have a protective effect against OSAS. In addition, the relation between different variants of ApoE with LDL and triglyceride levels demonstrates the overlap of genotype and phenotype data.Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, ApoE, real-time polymerase chain reaction Amaç: Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu (OUAS), uyku esnasında faringeal hava yolunun kısmen veya tamamen daralması ile karakterize olan bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada OUAS ile apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genindeki çeşitli varyantların ilişkisinin araştırılması ve hastalık oluşumuna etki edebilecek diğer risk faktörlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem:Elli iki OUAS hastası ve 50 sağlıklı gönüllü birey çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bireylerden OUAS ile ilişkili olabilecek gerekli bilgiler temin edildikten sonra, kandan DNA izolasyonu yapılmıştır. ApoE genindeki ε2, ε3 ve ε4 varyantlarının incelenmesi gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. The Effect of Different

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of quarantine/social isolation on maternal depression, breastfeeding and sleep quality in mothers who have just given birth during the pandemic period that has affected the whole world. This cross-sectional study included women who gave birth during either in the first peak of the first wave (April, 2020) or the end of the first peak (July, 2020) of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in a tertiary pandemic regional referral centre. A total of 210 patients were enrolled to the study. The research data were collected using specific questionnaires including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF). As a result, maternal postpartum depression and sleep quality scores did not differ significantly among postpartum women with different timelines according to the intensity of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (p=0.205 and p=0.352, respectively). The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale was significantly better (p=0.000) in the post-quarantine period than in the early stages of the pandemic when there were strict quarantine regulations. In conclusion, Sleep quality and postpartum depression remained unchanged with regard to the severity of the quarantine among women who gave birth during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemics. The breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers was found as improved in the post-quarantine period.