Here, we report the genomic sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage vB_PaeP_fHoPae04, isolated from hospital wastewater in Helsinki, Finland. The phage genome is 45,491 bp long, has a G+C content of 52.2%, and contains 70 protein-coding genes and 3 tRNA genes.

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In recent years, several in vitro studies have revealed that some of the LAB strains and their Cell-free supernatants (CFSs) have shown antibacterial activities and promising tools to prevent or disperse the bio lm formation of dermatological pathogens. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of LAB active cultures and CFSs against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus which were related to wound infections, as well as the inhibitory effects of CFSs on the bio lm formation of pathogens and destroying bio lms. The current results indicated that some of the LAB active cultures and CFSs have shown antibacterial properties against pathogens; furthermore, it was determined that some of the CFSs have shown powerful inhibitory effects on bio lm formation and destroying bio lms. All data together signify a great ability of the applications of CFSs as antibacterial and bio lm removal compounds that could be very suitable to control wound infections caused by these pathogens.

In the escalating battle against antimicrobial resistance, there is an urgent need to discover and investigate new antibiotic strategies. Bacteriophages are untapped reservoirs of such potential antimicrobials. This study focused on Hypothetical Proteins of Unknown Function (HPUFs) from a Staphylococcus phage Stab21. We examined its HPUFs for bactericidal activity against E. coli using a Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)-based approach. Among the 96 HPUFs examined, 5 demonstrated cross-species toxicity towards E. coli, suggesting the presence of shared molecular targets between E. coli and S. aureus. One toxic antibacterial HPUF (toxHPUF) was found to share homology with a homing endonuclease. The implications of these findings are profound, particularly given the potential broad applicability of these bactericidal agents. This study confirms the efficacy of NGS in streamlining the screening process of toxHPUFs, contributes significantly to the ongoing exploration of phage biology, and offers promises in the search for potent antimicrobial agents.

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