Objective: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor enhancing food additive. MSG exposure is rising day by day because of the high commercial food consumption. MSG exposure causes damage to various tissues and organs. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of MSG on angiogenesis and oxidant-antioxidant balance. Methods: Three different concentrations of MSG (10-4 M, 10-5 M, and 10-6 M), control, and the bevasizumab (10-6 M) were prepared and placed on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the embryos. Albumen was taken from the embryos before and after the experiment. Angiogenesis was investigated through the window that was opened on the eggshell. Results: Angiogenesis was found to be normal in the control and 10-6 M MSG group (average score:0.3). Anti-angiogenic effects were moderate in the 10-5 M MSG group (average score: 0.5) and in the 10-4 M MSG group (average score: 0.7), and strong in the bevasizumab group (average score: 1.1). Conclusion: According to our results MSG shows anti-angiogenic properties in higher doses. MSG increased oxidative stress. According to the results of our research, it is seen that MSG inhibits angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner in the CAM model and may cause an increase in oxidative damage by disrupting the oxidant-antioxidant balance. Since no previous study has been found in the literature regarding the effects of MSG on angiogenesis and oxidant-antioxidant balance in the CAM model, we think that our results will fill an important gap in the literature.

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Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of cilostazol on angiogenesis and oxidative stress using the chorioallantoic membrane model. Methods: In this experimental study, the Ross 308 chick embryos were used. The negative control group (n=10) received no intervention. The positive control group (n=10) consisted of eggs treated with epidermal growth factor for inducing angiogenesis. Three cilostazol groups were designed with 10-7 (n=10), 10-6 (n=10), and 10-5 (n=10) M concentrations. Each egg was punctured on the sixth day of incubation, and drug pellets were introduced to the positive control and drug groups at the prespecified doses. Vascular development was evaluated on the eighth day of application. The total oxidant status, total antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress index levels were determined from albumen liquids obtained with a syringe before and after drug application. Results: Lower oxidative stress index levels were obtained from the positive control and cilostazol groups compared to the negative control albumens (p=0.001). The increments in vascular junctions and newly developed vascular nodules were evaluated in drug-free and drug-applied chorioallantoic membranes. The highest activity was obtained in the 10-7 M concentration cilostazol group. An increased angiogenic activity was detected in all drug groups in each concentration compared to the negative control group (p=0.001). Angiogenic activity was similar in all the cilostazol-treated groups (p=0.43). Conclusion: Cilostazol has a positive stimulant effect on angiogenesis and it seems to suppress oxidative stress during embryonic growth. Cilostazol exerts these effects significantly and similarly at different doses.

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Objective Zoledronic acid (ZA) is a bisphosphonate-derived agent used in osteoporotic clinical pathologies to prevent the development of complications such as fractures and hypercalcemia by regulating bone metabolism. Studies have been conducted on the antiangiogenic efficacy of this agent, which also has other systemic side effects. In this study, the dose-dependent antiangiogenic activity of ZA was investigated on the chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM). Methods Three doses (10−4, 10−5, and 10−6 M concentrations) of drug pellets were prepared with ZA and another pellet was prepared as the positive control group with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor agent bevacizumab (10−6 M concentration). Thereafter all pellets were placed on chorioallantoic membranes on the fourth day of egg incubation. All eggs were evaluated for capillary development four days after the drug application. Results The highest antiangiogenic effect was detected in the positive control group. Moreover, incremental antiangiogenic effects were detected with average scores of .9, 1.1, 1.2 in 10−6, 10−5, and 10−4 M concentrations of ZA groups respectively. Conclusion Our findings supported that ZA has dose-dependent antiangiogenic effects. This result suggests that different dosing may be required in cases where angiogenesis is therapeutic.