The Turkish version of the HSS knee score is reliable and valid in evaluating the total knee arthroplasty in Turkish patients.

The results of this study indicated that additional stimulation of the hand and fingers leads to an improved sensorimotor outcome immediately after the intervention.

Botulinum toxin type A can be both safe and effective in relieving spasticity in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy. In our prospective study, we evaluated the functional effect of botulinum toxin A in spastic diplegic-type cerebral palsy. Patients were examined on enrollment and at 1, 3, and 6 months after injection. Passive dorsiflexion of the ankle joint was measured using a goniometer as an angle of possible maximal dorsiflexion with the knee extended and flexed. Spasticity was graded using the Modified Ashworth Scale. Selective motor control at the ankle was assessed, and observational gait analysis was done. The functional status of the patients was determined by using the gross motor classification system. Botulinum toxin A was injected into the gastrocnemius muscle in all patients, and in four patients with concomitant jump knee gait, a hamstring muscle injection was added. Fourteen patients were included in the study. The mean age was 58.81 +/- 15.34 months. Following injection, spasticity was clinically decreased and statistically significant improvement was noticed in all clinical parameters after 1, 3, and 6 months of injection. The improvement in the clinical parameters decreased after 6 months but not to the baseline. One patient was Level II, four patients were Level III, and six patients were Level IV according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System at baseline. Improvement in the gross motor classification system is continued after 6 months in 12 children. The main goal of spasticity treatment in cerebral palsy is functional improvement. In our study, most of our patients had functional improvement according to the gross motor function classification system and did not change at 6 months.

Objective:This study evaluated the physical and functional characteristics of Turkish patients with knee osteoarthritis and how this disease affects their physical and functional status. Methods:This study included 320 patients, who were evaluated to assess body mass index (BMI) and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score in terms of age, sex and functional characteristics. Results:Mean patient age was 66.92±8.89 years and mean BMI was 31.02±5.20 kg/m2. Mean patient HSS score was 58.70±11.08. According to their sit-to-stand test results, 33% of the patients (n=104) were found to be independent. There was a significant relationship between BMI and functional activity score (p<0.05). Conclusions:The majority of the patients in our study were female and obese, and had low functionality levels. Function in patients with OA is restricted as a result of excess weight, so preventive measures can help Turkish patients with OA maintain their ideal weight. Furthermore, patient education can be help this population acquire the habit of regular exercise in order to reduce pain and improve their physical activity and quality of life. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

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