New aldehyde- and halogen- (Cl, Br, I) substituted double-armed benzo-15-crown-5 derivatives are synthesized by the reactions of 4′,5′-bis(bromomethyl)benzo-15-crown-5 with 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde, 5-bromosalicylaldehyde, or 5-iodosalicylaldehyde. The sodium and potassium complexes are obtained by reaction of crown ether with sodium perchlorate and potassium iodide, respectively. Novel Schiff base compounds containing three groups of benzo-15-crown-5 are obtained from the condensation of aldehydes with 4′-aminobenzo-15-crown-5. The structures of all compounds are elucidated by elemental analysis, 1H, 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectra. The antifungal and antibacterial effects of the synthesized ligands are evaluated against pathogenic microorganisms and show varying degrees of inhibitory effects against the growth of different pathogenic strains. Graphical abstract

Most of the triarylamine-based electrochromic polymers are achieved through arylamine-based oxidative coupling reactions where the electrochromic properties of the polymer could only be realized after fabrication of the film on optically transparent electrodes. Electrochemical polymerization, on the other hand, is an in-situ polymerization method which offers synthesis of the polymer and fabrication of the films on the electrode surface simultaneously. In this study two new triphenylamine monomers (TPAFLA and TPAFLS) having fluorene core were synthesized and successfully electrochemically polymerized. The electrogenerated polymer films exhibited strong color changes (P(TPAFLA):yellow, orange, green, deep blue, P(TPAFLS): pale yellow, pale blue) and rapid switching responses (P(TPAFLA):1.59 s at 362 nm, P(TPAFLS):0.65 at 390 nm) and high coloration efficiency (P(TPAFLA):114 cm2C-1, P(TPAFLS):192 cm2C-1) compared to other triphenylamine derivatives. Furthermore, electrochemical copolymerization of TPAFLA with 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene was successfully achieved for the first time and the copolymer revealed significantly lowered band gap with remarkably enlarged color palette (violet, yellow, green, light blue and blue).