Borderline personality disorder appears to constitute a broad, heterogeneous category with unclear boundaries that embraces a general personality disorder concept. Both further refinement of the borderline personality disorder construct and investigation into alternative models to the DSM-III-R axis II classification system are suggested.
A questionnaire was sent to 114 graduate schools with doctoral programs in clinical psychology to gain some measure of the perceived need and importance of pain as an area of training for psychologists and to assess current educational efforts in this area. Of the 59 programs responding to the questionnaire, 13 offered a course in pain management and 46 did not offer such a course. Although 11% of all respondents agreed that a course devoted to the diagnosis of pain was needed in the curriculum, only 22% of all respondents offered such a course. Approximately three quarters of those schools without a pain course felt that material concerning pain management is not adequately covered in existing courses in the curriculum. Only 30% of all respondents agreed that pain is one of the most frequent complaints presented by patients to practicing psychologists. The implications of these findings for the place of professional psychology in the health care system are considered.
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