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Cognitive radio (CR), which is a common form of wireless communication, consists of a transceiver that is intelligently capable of detecting which communication channels are available to use and which are not. After this detection process, the transceiver avoids the occupied channels while simultaneously moving into the empty ones. Hence, spectrum shortage and underutilization are key problems that the CR can be proposed to address. In order to obtain a good idea of the spectrum usage in the area where the CRs are located, cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) can be used. Hence, the primary objective of this research work is to increase the realizable throughput via the cluster-based cooperative spectrum sensing (CBCSS) algorithm. The proposed scheme is anticipated to acquire advanced achievable throughput for 5G and beyond-5G Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Performance parameters, such as achievable throughput, the average number of clusters and energy, have been analyzed for the proposed CBCSS and compared with optimal algorithms.

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