No abstract

Traumatic testicular dislocation is rare and diagnosis can be elusive. It should be suspected in motorcycle and high-energy accidents around the groin area and depends on a careful physical examination. With proper management, prognosis is excellent.

No abstract

No abstract

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? It has been suggested that a very short positive margin does not confer additional risk of BCR after radical prostatectomy. This study shows that even very short PSM is associated with increased risk of BCR. Objective To re‐evaluate, in a larger cohort with longer follow‐up, our previously reported finding that a positive surgical margin (PSM) ≤1 mm may not confer an additional risk for biochemical recurrence (BCR) compared with a negative surgical margin (NSM). Patients and Methods Margin status and length were evaluated in 2866 men treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) for clinically localized prostate cancer at our institution from 1994 to 2009. We compared the BCR‐free survival probability of men with NSMs, a PSM ≤ 1 mm, and a PSM < 1 mm using the Kaplan–Meier method and a Cox regression model adjusted for preoperative prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level, age, pathological stage and pathological Gleason score (GS). Results Compared with a NSM, a PSM ≤ 1 mm was associated with 17% lower 3‐year BCR‐free survival for men with pT3 and GS ≥ 7 tumours and a 6% lower 3‐year BCR‐free survival for men with pT2 and GS ≤ 6 tumours (log‐rank P < 0.001 for all). In the multivariate model, a PSM ≤ 1 mm was associated with a probability of BCR twice as high as that for a NSM (hazard ratio [HR] 2.2), as were a higher PSA level (HR 1.04), higher pathological stage (HR 2.7) and higher pathological GS (HR 3.7 [all P < 0.001]). Conclusion In men with non‐organ‐confined or high grade prostate cancer, a PSM ≤ 1 mm has a significant adverse impact on BCR rates.