Galleria mellоnella L. is one of the main pests in beekeeping. Therefore, scientists are studying Galleria mellоnella L. to find methods to combat it and as a model object for physiological and biochemical studies. In addition, some medicinal plants contain active substances that affect the physiological parameters of insects and even exhibit insecticidal properties. In the study, the authors evaluated the effect of additives from dry powders of common origanum and marsh cinquefoil on the dynamics of weight change, survival and uniformity of the metamorphic composition in the Galleria mellоnella L. Larvae of the third age were selected for the experiment. Additives were added to the insect food substrate at 10, 50 and 100 mg per 3 g of the standard diet. For 16 days, the mass of insects and the stage of their development were recorded in the experimental and control groups. The results showed that the supplements studied had a stimulating effect on larval growth at low doses. In the experimental groups, a trend towards faster development of larvae was found. The average daily weight gain per larva in all experimental groups was significantly (P<0.01) more significant than in the control group. At a dosage of 100 mg of joint origanum supplement, the survival rate of insects was minimal and amounted to 80%. At dosages of 50 and 100 mg of additions of common origanum and marsh cinquefoil, a violation of the homogeneity of the age composition was observed. The data obtained allow us to conclude that it is promising to study further the impact of marsh cinquefoil and common oreganum additives on insect pests.

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The applying of antibiotics in animal husbandry leads to the spread of antimicrobial resistant pathogens among domestic animals, which are subsequently transmitted to humans through the food chain. The analysis of literature data on the results of the study of phytochemicals of plant origin in the form of essential oils of medicinal and aromatic plants as one of the possible alternatives to feed antibiotics is presented. Such additives should reduce the incidence of animals by inhibiting pathogenic microflora, provide the animal with a larger amount of energy and nutrients by reducing the bacterial load in the intestine, reduce internal inflammatory processes by improving the immune system, and should be economically beneficial. A review of scientific studies showed that essential oils do have bactericidal properties, but their effect on the productive performance of animals still requires further research. Differences in animal productivity when using essential oils may be due to researchers using different doses, different test conditions (especially climatic conditions), and possible synergistic and antagonistic properties of essential oils with other feed substances.

The problem of food poisoning and food allergies does not lose its relevance and is still a threat to health, which must be minimized. Since various cereal-based products make up a significant proportion of the diet of humans and farm animals, the purpose of this review is to familiarize with sources of chemical and biological contamination of cereals, such as mycotoxins and pesticides. These compounds, which enter the human body and animals with food, can pose a health hazard even in quantities beyond detection. Among the pesticides that have become an integral part of modern agriculture, in this article, the greatest attention was paid to organophosphate herbicides as the most widely used on cereals. Among the latter, one of the most common organophosphorus compounds was identified - glyphosate, which is the active substance of many bulk and liquid herbicides. On the basis of information, mainly from foreign articles, the basic principles of accumulation of this substance in wheat grains and animals were formulated.

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