The pure and mixed stands of the two populations of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) differing in leaf character were raised in the experimental pots using de Wits' replacement series. Of the two populations, one is characterized by having white 'V'-shaped markings on the leaflets (marked population) and the other does not have any such marking (unmarked population). The competitive interaction between the two populations has been studied at two soil nitrogen regimes. The nitrogen requirement of the marked population seems to be higher than that of the unmarked population. The marked population was found to be more competitive as compared to the other population at high N level as shown by their relative yield. The competitiveness of the former was, however, masked to some extent under low soil nitrogen. This confirmed the differential response of the two populations of 7". repens to soil fertility as observed in nature.

No abstract

A field experiment was carried out during 2018-19 at Precision Farming Development Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha to find out the effect of fertigation scheduling on vegetative and reproductive growth behaviour of guava var. Arka Amulya under eastern coastal plain zone of India. Three levels of fertilizer dose (100%, 80%, 60% RDF) in combination with three levels of fertigation frequency (monthly, bimonthly, quarterly) and control as 100% RDF in soil application was evaluated employing Factorial Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. The result of the investigation revealed that both the vegetative and reproductive characters were significantly influenced by use of different fertilizer dozes at different frequencies. Among the treatment combination 100% RDF at monthly interval resulted in maximum vegetative growth, viz. plant girth (0.90 cm), canopy volume (7.79 m 3 ), leaf area (50.42 cm 2 ), number of tertiary shoots (58.25), tertiary shoot girth (2.16 cm) and number of leaves per tertiary shoots (18.00) while canopy volume, leaf area, girth of primary branch and tertiary shoot remain statistically at par with 80% RDF at monthly fertigation. Also the maximum tertiary shoot length (16cm) was observed in 80% RDF at monthly interval. Similarly the reproductive characters like number of reproductive shoots (31.50), number of flowers (14.81), fruit set (79.49%) and fruit retention (45.60%) were highest in 80% RDF at monthly interval. Therefore, considering the positive effect on plant, 80% RDF at monthly interval is considered to be the best from economic point of view.

Moringa oleifera Lam, a member of the Moringaceae family, is highly prized and grows in many tropical and subtropical countries. It has a broad spectrum of medicinal uses and is highly nutritious. An experiment was conducted to investigate how spacing and harvest duration impact the growth, leaf yield, and quality of Moringa oleifera Lam at the College of Agriculture, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. The study involved spacing treatments of 60 x 60 cm, 60 x 45 cm, and 45 x 45 cm as well as harvest durations of 30, 45, and 60 days. Randomly selected individual plants from each harvest plot were analyzed to record the fresh leaves and air-dried weights. Additionally, the plant's average stem diameter, height, and branches were recorded. According to the results, over a 60-day period after sowing, there was a steady increase in plant height. The 60 x 60 cm, 60 x 45 cm, and 45 x 45 cm spacings resulted in plant heights of 92 cm, 96 cm, and 102 cm, respectively. The number of branches produced per plant also increased with time, reaching 10 and 12 for medium and wide spacings, respectively. Although the wider spacing produced a more significant number of branches and higher yield per plant compared to the medium and close spacings, the total shoot yield per hectare was higher in the close spacing than in the medium and wide spacings. According to the study, the growth and yield of Moringa were significantly influenced by spacing, with leaf production, branches, and overall yield being particularly affected.

A field experiment was conducted during winter 2014 and 2015 in Jagatsinghpur district of Odisha to study the effect of different fertigation levels and emitter types on productivity, input use efficiency and profitability of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The three levels fertigation, i.e. recommended dose (125-75-100 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha) of fertiliser (RDF), 80% RDF and 60% RDF and four types of emitters, viz. online pressure compensating, online nonpressure compensating, inline pressure compensating and inline non-pressure compensating drippers were tested in split-plot design with three replications. Water soluble fertilisers, viz. urea, urea phosphate with sulphate of potash and sulphate of potash were used for fertigation. The maximum fruit yield of 59.8 t/ha, water-use efficiency of 21.17 kg/m3 water, benefit:cost ratio of 3.75 and internal rate of return of 62.16% and the minimum payback period of 2.26 years were recorded in fertigation with 100% RDF through online pressure compensating emitters. Fertiliseruse efficiency increased with decrease in fertigation level and the maximum value of 270.1 kg fruit/kg of NPK was recorded with 60% RDF through online pc emitters.