<p><strong>Background : </strong>Dysmenorrhea is defined as the cramping pain accompanying menstruation. They are further classified into two types based on pathophysiology. Primary dysmennorhea is widely prevalent in the general population. More than 50% of teenagers and 30-50% of menstruating women suffer from varying symptoms, such as, uterine cramps, nausea, backache, diarrhoea, giddiness, syncope and fainting. Apart from pharmacological treatment physical exercises have been suggested as non-pharmacological treatment. It is seen that exercises have analgesic effect in a nonspecific way. Various forms of exercise (for.eg. Yoga and physiotherapy) have shown different results in pain relief and premenstrual syndrome. exercise have been shown as preventive measures as well.</p> <p><strong>Objectives:</strong></p> <ol> <li>To assess the effectiveness of yoga poses along with k-taping on Pain in primary dysmenorrhea.</li> <li>To assess the effectiveness of physiotherapy exercises along with k-taping on Pain in primary dysmenorrhea.</li> <li>To compare the effectiveness of yoga poses v/s physiotherapy exercises along with k- taping in primary dysmenorrhea on Pain.</li> </ol> <p><strong>Materials and Methodology:</strong></p> <p>This was a experimental study that included 30 female participants who were suffering from dysmenorrhea. The subjects were randomly dividing in to 2 groups; group A were given physiotherapy exercise and group B were given yoga postures.</p> <p>Both the group of participants received k-taping. These interventions were given on the day of menstruation. Pre and post pain evaluation were done by NPRS.</p> <p><strong>Result and Conclusion:</strong></p> <p>The study concludes that both yogic postures and physiotherapy exercises helped in immediate reduction of pain in primary dysmennorhea.</p> <p>Yogic postures along with k-taping helped in pain reduction Physiotherapy exercises along with k-taping helped in reduction of pain.</p>

We give new proof of a four-variable reciprocity theorem using Heine's transformation, Watson's transformation, and Ramanujan's 1 ψ 1 -summation formula. We also obtain a generalization of Jacobi's triple product identity.

<strong>Background</strong><br> The measure of handgrip strength is influenced by several factors including age, gender, different angle of shoulder, elbow,wrist and grip span . there is an optimal grip span at which maximum handgrip strength is obtained in adult.Hand span affect maximal and submaximal handgrip strengths. It was found that hand span affect grip strength, grip force and dexterity function in adult as well as geriatric population. In geriatric population hand grip function decreased with age.<br> <strong>Methodology</strong><br> Screening was done in 3 schools near PCMC area and students were selected as per the inclusion criteria. Total 150 children’s age from 6 to 16 years were selected from the convenient places. Hand span was measured in both hands (Dominant and Non-dominant) from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the small finger with the hand open as wide as possible. And the results of hand span measurement were rounded to nearest whole. The dexterity function was measured using Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. There were 7 subtests performed in the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. <br> <strong>Results : </strong><br> The results shows that there was a strong negative correlation between the hand span and subtest1,2,3,7 of Jebsen Taylor Hand Function test. There was a moderate negative correlation between the subtest 4,5,6 of Jebsen Taylor Hand Function test. <br> <strong>Conclusion : </strong><br> In pediatrics, as the age increases, the hand span and hand grip strength increases but the time required to complete the subtest in Jebsen Taylor hand function test decreases. So the dexterity function improves.

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Myofascial trigger points are hyperirritable spot which is usually a taut band of skeletal muscle, which is painful on compression and give rise to musculoskeletal dysfunction. Gastrocnemus muscle being the main muscle of mobility and stabilty in dancers. Due to this constant use of this muscle in various dance forms and the fatigue caused, it may cause trigger points. Objective To study the occurrence of trigger points in dancers. To study prevalence of trigger points in various dance forms and finding out which dance form dancers have high prevalence for trigger point. To study the correlation of presence of trigger point and strength of the gastrocnemius muscle. Materials and Methodology This is an observational study comprising of 100 samples who were trained dancers. Dancers of bharatnatayam, kathak and contemporary form were included and were palpated for trigger points, which were then presented in tabular and graphical manner. Results and Conclusion Results showed 52 % have trigger point in gastrocnemius and 48% did not have trigger point in gastrocnemius. Out of the 3 dance forms selected, bharatnatayam dancers showed more prevalence of trigger point of gastrocnemius.