This paper describes a general multicomponent two-phase flow model, taking into account convection, diffusion and thermodynamic exchange between phases. The main assumptions are: isothermal one-dimensional flow; two-phase flow (gas and liquid); each phase may be represented by a mixture of three components or groups of components. Actually, a great many recovery problems cannot be pictured by usual models because the oil and, in many cases, the injected fluid are not simple fluids and may bring about exchanges of components that considerably modify their characteristics. This is why efforts are now being made to develop "compositional" or "multicomponent" models capable of solving such situations. Generalization of the model to more complex systems can be considered. Cases treated may be any type of single- and two-phase flow, in particular any miscible process (e. g., high-pressure gas drive, condensing gas drive, slug displacement) and any diphasic processes with high mass exchange (e.g., displacement by carbon dioxide or flue gas). This model is working and has been successfully checked by experiments. Introduction Many investigations, broth experimental and theoretical, have been made on the recovery of oil from reservoirs. With regard to mathematical models, most of those conceived up to now have dealt with oil recovery by the injection of a fluid that is miscible or immiscible with the oil. For miscible drives, single-phase flow with a binary mixture and miscibility in all proportions is involved. In such an ideal situation oil recovery is theoretically total. For immiscible displacements flow is diphasic. Capillary pressure and relative permeability play a preponderant role. Since irreducible oil saturation preponderant role. Since irreducible oil saturation is inevitable, oil recovery can never be total. Actually, a great many recovery problems cannot be pictured by such models because the oil and, in many cases, the injected fluid are not simple fluids and may bring about exchanges of components that considerably modify their characteristics. This is why efforts are now being made to develop "compositional" or "multicomponent" models capable of solving such situations. Such a model is described here. It is designed to handle the most general case of the displacement of one fluid by another. This model offers the following possibilities.The fluids may be made up of more than two components.Flow may be entirely monophasic, entirely diphasic, or partially monophasic and diphasic.Miscibility may be partial or total.The material exchange between phases may take place under specific thermodynamic conditions. A model that is much closer to reality should provide more thorough knowledge of mass transfer provide more thorough knowledge of mass transfer mechanisms in a complex mixture as well as better oil recovery forecasting with the injection of a second fluid. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODEL In a porous formation, we will consider the displacement of a liquid hydrocarbon complex in place by another fluid that is injected into the place by another fluid that is injected into the formation. The injected fluid may be a gas or a liquid, containing or not containing hydrocarbons. We assume that the mass transfer in the transition zone between the displacing fluid and the displaced fluid occurs according to three mechanism: convection, diffusion and thermodynamic exchange between phases. We propose to study the flow thus described. The main assumptions are:flow is isothermal and one-dimensional;the porous medium is homogeneous and isotropic;there is no effect of gravity;there is a two-phase flow, i.e., oil and gaseach phase may be represented by a mixture of three components or three groups of components (e.g., C1, C2-6, C7+); SPEJ P. 171
American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc. This paper was prepared for the 46th Annual Fall Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, held in New Orleans, Oct. 3–6, 1971. Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is usually granted upon request to the Editor of the appropriate journal, provided agreement to give proper credit is made. provided agreement to give proper credit is made. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers office. Such discussion may be presented at the above meeting and, with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract A recent paper presented last year described a general multicomponent simulator for two-phase flow. This simulator took into account convection phenomena diffusion and mass transfer between phases; and the main assumptions were:idothermal one-dimensional flow,two-phase flow (gas or liquid),each phase may be represented by a mixture of three phase may be represented by a mixture of three components or group of components. This simulator was improved in order to minimize the effects of numerical dispersion. In order to check the calculations, some experiments were performed under appropriate conditions for precise comparison between experiments and calculations. The fluids used were ternary mixtures of C1, nC4 and nC10, and the experiments were run under high pressure and temperature conditions. Some examples of numerical calculations are given, as compared with the same experiments on the slug drive case which is the most complex case and also the most widely used in practice. it is shown how the simulator points out the exact time of miscibility breakdown, and then how minimum slug size may be determined in practical cases. practical cases. The calculations made by the simulator are in satisfactory agreement with experience. They help in making a good physical interpretation of the experiments. And the two following conclusions may be drawn:This project provides better insight into the physical phenomena occuring in miscible displacements.A powerful tool is now available for predicting or interpreting practical cases of predicting or interpreting practical cases of application. These cases concern various types of fluid flow with mass transfer such as (i) high pressure gas drive, (ii) condensing gas drive, (ii) solvent slug process, (iv) carbon dioxide drive, (v) carbonated waterflooding, (vi) and of course totally miscible or immiscible gas drive. Introduction The project described is related to the general problem of the displacement of oil by a fluid capable of exchanging components with this oil. This is a fairly general case including (1) hydrocarbon gas drive (high-pressure gas drive, condensing gas drive, solvent slug process) (2) carbon-dioxide or carbonated-water drive, (3) alcohol-slug or microemulsion drive.
-L'enjeu pétrolier et gazier de la mer du Nord-L'ENeRG (European Network for Research in Geo-Energy), qui regroupe de nombreux organismes de recherche européens impliqués dans la valorisation des ressources énergétiques contenues dans l'écorce terrestre, a suscité une étude sur les « Perspectives de production de pétrole et de gaz en mer du Nord », pour le compte de la Commission des Communautés européennes (DG XVII). L'Institut français du pétrole (IFP) en a été le principal acteur ; les autres intervenants comprenaient : le Centre for Marine and Petroleum Technology (CMPT, ex-PSTI, Royaume-Uni), Rogaland Research (RF, Norvège), Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS, en association avec la Danish Energy Agency, DEA, Danemark) et Eniricerche SpA (Italie). Les principaux objectifs de cette analyse* sont les suivants :-identifier les besoins en technologies nouvelles ou en améliorations technologiques permettant d'accroître la production d'hydrocarbures en mer du Nord ;-prévoir les niveaux de récupération résultant de la mise en oeuvre de ces développements;-estimer l'impact de ces prévisions sur le volume d'activité et l'emploi dans le secteur de l'industrie pétrolière et gazière européenne. Mots-clés : mer du Nord, pétrole et gaz, production, perspectives.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.