Introduction: During the last decade, the traditional model of medical education was widely debated, and recently, the Covid-19 pandemic added new challenges in teaching and learning in medical education. The Worked Example is an instructional tool in which an expert shows a detailed problem solution for a learner. Objective: This study aimed to compare, in an experimental study with medical students, lectures in online format with Worked Example for teaching chest tomography. Method: Experimental study through an educational intervention with medical students in the initial and final stages of clinical practice. Result: Analysis of variance of repeated measures (ANOVA) was used in the statistical analysis. There was a significant difference between the grades before and after training (F1; 74 = 46.008; p < 0.001) and between the course phases studied (F2; 148 = 19.452; p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (F2; 74 = 1.401; p = 0.240). There was no significant difference in mental effort reported in the comparison between groups (F1; 69 = 0.092; p = 0.762), but students in the 2th year had a significantly higher effort score. Conclusion: Worked Example, which is a good technique for students and suitable for digital formats, was equally effective as lecture, a well-known instructional method for teaching radiology.
Resumo: Introdução: Durante a última década, o modelo tradicional de ensino médico foi amplamente debatido, e, há pouco tempo, a pandemia da Covid-19 impôs novamente mudanças, iniciadas em caráter de urgência em todo o mundo, trazendo novos desafios à formação médica no que concerne ao ensino e à aprendizagem. A estratégia de ensino conhecida como Worked Example é uma ferramenta instrucional na qual um especialista mostra a solução de um determinado problema para um aprendiz de forma pormenorizada. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar as aulas expositivas em vídeo com a técnica Worked Example para ensino de tomografia de tórax. Método: Trata-se de um estudo experimental realizado, por meio de uma intervenção educacional, com alunos do curso de Medicina em fases iniciais e finais da prática clínica. Resultado: A análise de variância de medidas repetidas (ANOVA) foi usada na análise estatística. Houve diferença significativa entre as notas antes e depois do treinamento (F1; 74 = 46,008; p < 0,001) e entre as fases do curso (F2; 148 = 19,452; p < 0,001). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos (F2; 74 = 1,401; p = 0,240). Não houve diferença significativa no esforço mental referido na comparação entre grupos (F1; 69 = 0,092; p = 0,762), porém os alunos do segundo ano apresentaram um escore de esforço significativamente maior. Conclusão: O Worked Example, uma técnica com boa aplicabilidade para estudantes da graduação e adequada para formatos digitais, mostrou-se igualmente eficaz a aula expositiva, técnica consagrada no ensino de radiologia.
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