Introduction A healthy lifestyle can reduce the rate and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. Thus, the present study evaluates the effect of educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model on the lifestyle related to premenstrual syndrome and reduction of its symptoms among the first-grade high school girls. Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 80 first-grade high school girls. They were divided into two intervention and control groups (40 people in each group). The data collection tools included the participants’ demographic information questionnaire, premenstrual symptoms screening tool, and a researcher-made questionnaire based on the constructs of the health belief model about PMS and the behaviors reducing its symptoms. Data were collected in two phases (before and three months after the educational intervention) via WhatsApp. Educational sessions were held in the form of four 45-min sessions for intervention group subjects regarding PMS and the behaviors that reduce its symptoms during one month via WhatsApp. Results According to the results of this study, the mean scores of knowledge about PMS and health belief model constructs (including perceived susceptibility), perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy, cues to action, lifestyle/behaviors that reduce PMS symptoms) and the percentage of people who did not have PMS symptoms or had a mild type of PMS increased significantly after implementing the educational intervention in the intervention group compared to before the intervention and compared to the control group. Also, the perceived barriers construct score PMS decreased significantly. Conclusions The health belief model education focused on a healthy lifestyle was effective in reducing PMS symptoms. It is recommended to use the educational intervention designed in this study, along with other health care in schools and during puberty as an easy, low-cost, and effective intervention.

No abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a public health issue that imposes high costs on healthcare systems. Despite the significant advances in therapies and prevention of HF, it remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The current clinical diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic strategies, have some limitations. Genetic and epigenetic factors have been identified to be central to the pathogenesis of HF. Therefore, they might provide promising novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for HF. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) belong to a group of RNAs that are produced by RNA polymerase II. These molecules play an important role in the functioning of different cell biological processes, such as transcription and regulation of gene expression. LncRNAs can affect different signaling pathways by targeting biological molecules or a variety of different cellular mechanisms. The alteration in their expression has been reported in different types of cardiovascular diseases, including HF, supporting the theory that they are important in the development and progression of heart diseases. Therefore, these molecules can be introduced as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers in HF. In this review, we summarize different lncRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers in HF. Moreover, we highlight various molecular mechanisms dysregulated by different lncRNAs in HF.

Background and Aim: In late 2019, incidence of respiratory diseases increased due to the outbreak of Corona virus. A1AT is a serine protease which its deficiency causes lung disease. In this study, it was hypothesized that different variants of SERPINA1 gene affect the severity of COVID-19 disease.Materials and methods: 42 Swab samples containing purified DNA along with RNA virus, patients with COVID-19 from the age of 25-60 years were classified into three study groups contain of 14 patients each; outpatients, inpatients and the patients that admitted in intensive care units. The PCR method were used to amplification, of SERPINA1 gene, then the PCR product were sequenced by Sanger sequencing and the results were analyzed. Results: The result of this study depicted that in the 3 outpatient, inpatient, and ICU study groups, the non-synonymous SNP, polymorphism in locus 5895 C> G (exon 2) with a frequency of 33.3% in which the amino acid alanine was changed to glycine was observed in the ICU group ,while in outpatient, inpatient groups two non-synonymous polymorphisms in locus 5646 and 5892 (exon 2) were reported , due to the high frequency of polymorphisms at position 5895 in the ICU group compared to other study groups may be related to the severity of symptoms of COVID-19 disease with this polymorphism Also, among the synonymous polymorphisms of SNP, in locus 11295 (exon 5) with a frequency of 21.4% in the outpatient group, probably showed the highest resistance against COVID-19.