World Health Organization (WHO), lebih kurang 1,5 juta anak meninggal karena pemberian makanan yang tidak benar. Kurang dari 15% bayi di seluruh dunia diberi ASI eksklusif selama empat bulan.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu tentang ASI dan MP-ASI di kelurahan tanjung tongah kecamatan siantar martoba pematangsiantar tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini Deskriftif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ibu yang memiliki bayi 0-12 bulan. Data Primer didapat melalui pengisian kuesioner. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 30 ibu . Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan berdasarkan karakteristik mayoritas responden berumur 20-35 Tahun yaitu 29 ibu (96,6 %), Pendidikan SMA yaitu 21 ibu (70%), Pekerjaan IRT yaitu 27 ibu (90%), Suku Jawa yaitu 28 ibu (93,3%),Paritas multigravida yaitu 19 ibu (63,3%),  Masalah dalam menyusui yaitu Puting lecet yaitu 19 ibu (63.3%), dan Pengetahuan tentang ASI Eksklusif paling dominan pengetahuan  TIDAK BAIK  yaitu 19 ibu (63,4%), serta Pengetahuan tentang MP-ASI paling dominan pengetahuan BAIK  yaitu 18 ibu (60%). Dengan demikian dianjurkan kepada semua ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 0-12 bulan untuk lebih meningkatkan  pengetahuan dan wawasan mengenai ASI eksklusif dan MP-ASI. Kata kunci : Pengetahuan; Asi eksklusif; MP-ASI.

Latar belakang : Proses kehamilan ini menyebabkan perubahan fisik maupun emosional dari ibu hamil yang berkaitan erat antara anatomi dan fisiologi serta fenomena psikologi dan perilaku yang terbentuk baik karena perubahan fisik maupun lingkungan. Pada ibu hamil Trimester III tingkat kecemasan semakin serius dan intensif seiring dengan mendekatnya proses kelahiran. Perasaan cemas dapat mengakibatkan ketegangan pada pikiran, fisik, otot panggul dan otot segmen bawah Rahim, ketegangan ini nantinya akan dapat menganggu pada saat proses persalinan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara senam yoga dengan tingkat kecemasan dalam menghadapi persalinan pada primigravida. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan desaian penelitian deskriptif analitik. Subjek penelitian yaitu primigravida Trimester III yang melakukan senam yoga dan tidak melakukan senam yoga di Puskesmas Rami Kota Pematangsiantar. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan tehnik porpusive sampling.Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan pada pekerjaan ibu dengan tingkat kecemasan dalam menghadapi persalinan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (p <0,05). Sedangkan untuk katagori pendidikan tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna terhadap kecemasan dalam menghadapi persalinan dengan nilai p>0.05. Sedangkan hubungan karakteristik antara melakukan dan tidak melakukan senam yoga pada primigravida menunjukanterdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia, pekerjaan dengan senam yoga  (p<0.05). sementara untuk tingkat pendidikan tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan senam yoga dilihat dari nilai p>0.05. Simpulan adalah terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara karakteristik ibu (usia dan pekerjaan) dengan senam yoga pada primigravida. Sedangkan pendidikan tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan senam yoga pada primigravida. Terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara tingkat kecemasan dalam menghadapi persalinan antara yang melakukan dan tidak melakukan senam yoga pada primigravida. Kata Kunci : Yoga, kehamilan, Kecemasan. AbstractBackground: This pregnancy process causes physical and emotional changes from pregnant women that are closely related to anatomy and physiology as well as well-established psychological and evolutionary phenomena due to physical and environmental changes. In pregnant women Trimester III the level of success is higher and more intensive as the birth process approaches. Feelings can help overcome the mind, physical, pelvic and lower muscles of the uterus, this protection can be disrupted during labor. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between yoga exercises by fixing it according to labor in primigravida. The study design used descriptive analytic research design. Primigravida Trimester III research subjects who did yoga exercises and did not do yoga exercises at the Rami City Health Center in Pematangsiantar City. Processing and analysis of data using porous sampling techniques. Results This study discusses the work of mothers with success rates in research related to related relationships (p <0.05). As for categories, education does not have participation in opponents in labor with a value of p> 0.05. While the characteristic relationship between doing and not doing yoga exercises in primigravida shows that there is a relationship between age, work with yoga exercises (p <0.05). while the level of education does not have a relationship with yoga gymnastics seen from the value of p> 0.05. Conclusion is an important relationship between age and work with yoga exercises in primigravida. While education does not have a meaningful relationship with yoga gymnastics in primigravida. There is a strong relationship between the level of difficulty in labor between those who do and do not do yoga exercises in primigravida. Keywords: Yoga, pregnancy, anxiety.

Development of a person is at the age of 0-12 months. It is said to be the golden age because infancy is very short and cannot be repeated. One form of stimulation that has been carried out by the community is baby massage. Baby massage is a tactile stimulation that canstimulate muscles, bones and organ systems to function optimally. Methods This research uses a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design approach. The pretest was conducted in the intervention group and the control group regarding the baby's weight gain before massage. Posttest will be conducted in both groups after the intervention is given. Results: The results of the normality test of the data with the Shapiro-Wilk test in the experimental group from each measurement and the increase showed that they were not normally distributed (p<0.05); while the control group whose data were normally distributed were on the 2nd Week, 3rd Week, and 4th Week measurements, while the others were not normally distributed. For comparison of the baby's weight from each measurement because the treatment group was not normally distributed, the statistical test used was a non-parametric test with the Mann-Whitney test. Conclusions The weight gain of infants aged 3 to 5 months in the intervention group who received massage was greater than in the control group who did not receive massage.

Infan is the period as well as the time of Christ's development. It is said to be a critical period because this period is very short for the environment and it is said to be a development period because infancy is not very short and can be repeated again. The most important period of child development is infancy and toddlerhood. In infancy / toddler there is a basic growth that will determine the next child's development. Infancy is the first month of life, the baby will adapt to the environment, changes in blood circulation, and begin to work the organs of the body, and in post-neonatal the baby will experience very fast growth. One way to stimulate growth and development in children is to use the baby solus per aqua (SPA) technique. Babies who are given SPA Babies will certainly grow and develop differently from the growth and development of babies who are not given SPA Babies. This is because the Baby SPA series aims to awaken the baby's sensory and motor nerves early with certain stimuli so that babies can grow actively and be more optimal both physically and mentally. This study aims to obtain an overview of the effect of Infant SPA on weight gain aged 4 to 6 months, Measuring the weight gain of infants aged 4 to 6 months who receive and Infant SPA and those who do not receive massage and Infant SPA at the Tapian Dolok Health Center, Simalungun Regency. The hypothesis in this study is that the increase in the weight of the babies who received the Baby Spa was greater than the standard deviation of the weight gain of 36.9 with a mean difference of 48.7 grams between the two groups. The sample size obtained is 12 respondents so that the number of samples will be increased to 30 according to the minimum sample that can be analyzed statistically. So the intervention group was 30 babies and the control group was 30 babies. The results showed that there was an effect of SPA for infants on weight gain of infants at the age of 4 to 6 months. This study is expected to provide knowledge to mothers who have babies aged 4 6 months the importance of SPA for babies to the baby's weight gain.

AbstrakLatar Belakang: Kehamilan didefenisikan sebagai fertilisasi atau penyatuan spermatozoa dan ovum dan dilanjutkan dengan nidasi dan implantasi. Lowe (2010) menyebutkan bahwa Ibu yang pernah melahirkan sebelumnya (multipara) memiliki efikasi diri yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan mereka yang melahirkan untuk pertama kalinya. Peningkatan efikasi diri telah mendapatkan perhatian yang cukup tinggi karena bisa berdampak pada kesehatan ibu dan anak bahkan hingga kesediaan ibu menyusui bayinya dikaitkan dengan efikasi dirinya. Tujuan: mengkaji Efektifitas senam Pilates menggunakan Birthing Ball terhadap peningkatan Self  Efficacy Pada ibu hamil trimester III. Metode:  yaitu dengan menggunakan rancangan Quasi Exprimental dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest grup design. Pretest dilakukan pada kelompok intervensi  dan kelompok  kontrol mengenai  Self efficacy pada  kehamilan Trimester   III  sebelum pelaksanaan   senam  pilate dengan menggunakan birthing ball,   dan  post   test   dilakukan   selama 1 jam, lalu akan  dibandingkan   kelompok   intervensi   dan  kelompok kontrol.Hasil: pengaruh senam pilates mengggunakan birth ball terhadap peningkatan self efficacy pada kehamilan trimester III. pada kelompok intervensi derajat self efficacy yang tergolong tinggi sebesar 12%, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol 29%. Setelah intervensi diberikan derajat self efficacy menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05), dimana pada kelompok intervensi yang tergolong self efficacy tinggi sebesar 94% dan pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 47%.. Dapat dipromosikan  dan dijadikan sebagai altematif senam hamil  di unit pelayanan kebidanan, terutama pada unit pelayanan tingkat dasar sehingga dapat meningkatkan self efficacy semua  ibu hamil  dan dapat  memanfaatkan  pelayanan tingkat dasar lebih maksimal dan kolaborasi strategi yang efektif dan efisien antar petugas kesehatan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan asuhan kebidanan yang berbasis.Kata Kunci: Pilates, Birthing Ball, Self  Efficacy AbstractBackground: Pregnancy is defined as fertilization or union of spermatozoa and ovum and continued with nidation and implantation. Lowe (2010) states that mothers who have given birth before (multipara) have higher self-efficacy than those who give birth for the first time. Increased self-efficacy has received high attention because it can have an impact on the health of mothers and children and even the willingness of mothers to breastfeed their babies is associated with self-efficacy. Objective: to examine the effectiveness of Pilates exercise using Birthing Ball to increase Self Efficacy in third trimester pregnant women. Method: by using Quasi Experimental design with pretest-posttest group design approach. The pretest was carried out in the intervention group and the control group regarding self-efficacy in the third trimester of pregnancy before the implementation of pilate exercise using a birthing ball, and the post-test was carried out for 1 hour, then the intervention group and the control group would be compared. Result: the effect of pilates exercise using a birth ball on increasing self-efficacy in the third trimester of pregnancy. in the intervention group the degree of self-efficacy which is classified as high is 12%, while in the control group it is 29%. After the intervention was given the degree of self-efficacy showed there was a significant difference (p<0.05), where in the intervention group classified as high self-efficacy it was 94% and in the control group it was 47%. Can be promoted and used as an alternative to pregnancy exercise in the unit. midwifery services, especially at the basic level service units so that they can increase the self-efficacy of all pregnant women and can make maximum use of basic level services and effective and efficient strategic collaborations between health workers to improve the quality of midwifery-based care services.Keywords: Pilates, Birthing Ball, Self Efficacy