Abrupt closure of educational institutions due to COVID pandemic had created historical impact on educational system all over the world, the situation had been more challenging in undergraduate medical teaching. Moving smoothly from an environment of conventional education to virtual platform could not happen overnight. The current paper presents results of a cross-sectional study conducted from 13th July to 20th July, 2020 on MBBS students of Chattagram International Medical College, a non-Government Medical College of Bangladesh, exploring students’ views on online classes. A total of 217 students participated in the study, the response rate of survey was 87%. Among pre-clinical students, 47.6% ±1.1% and among clinical students 48.3% ±0.8% ‘sometimes’ felt interested in the class. Though majority of both pre-clinical and clinical students mentioned having appropriate device; there had been a wide range of variations in responses regarding their own internet connectivity. The most striking finding came out with the question if online class would be felt as a good substitute of ‘face-to-face’ class; it was ‘never’ response in more than 70% students in both pre-clinical and clinical groups. To take challenge of creating real-life picture in online class, there is necessity of a shift of traditional ‘lecture-based ’classes to more interactive, simulation-based classes; specially for clinical students. Institutional support needs to be strengthened for ensuring sound and visibility during the classes. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.11(2) 2020: 3-13

Over last few months, educational institutes across the globe have been forced to close the campuses and switch to virtual classes. Learning is a hard job and studying online can make someone feel isolated, confused or discouraged without proper guidance. The current paper presents the results of a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study conducted in November 2020 on teachers of Chattagram International Medical College, a non-government medical college in Bangladesh. Altogether 52 teachers of CIMC participated in the study, which corresponded to 85% response rate. More than 90% teachers preferred screen-share during the class, half of the teachers considered internet connectivity as most challenging issue in taking class. Remarkable findings in closed questionnaire reflected interest among the faculty for online class, well-maintained discipline in the class, appropriate topic selection, satisfactory ownership of device for online class, non-preference of online class as a good substitute of face-to-face class and partial preference to keep virtual background as an option for teaching even after resuming face-to-face class. Key recommendations from the study included institutional support regarding internet connectivity and logistics, effective interaction with the students to make the classes more meaningful as well as proper training to the teachers to enhance proficiency in online classes. Finally, virtual class can never totally replace face-to-face class; however, this intelligent skill can be kept as an option for teaching in selective circumstances even after pandemic is over and face-to-face classes have been resumed. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.12(1) 2021: 3-9

Background: In malaria endemic areas diagnosis of severe malaria by microscopy and immunodiagnostic test is confounded by asymptomatic peripheral blood parasitemia. In such settings, retinal changes by ophthalmoscopy showed some diagnostic utility. Contribution of ophthalmoscopy in diagnosis of severe malaria in children is not well studied in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to describe the retinal findings in children of cerebral and non-cerebral severe malaria by direct and indirect ophthalmoscope and relate their outcome and to determine the course of changes in the fundus. Methodology: In this prospective observational study 130 consecutive children aged between 6 months to 12 years admitted with confirmed severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pediatrics ward of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh were assessed by both direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy during the period of April 2008 to March 2009. Results: Out of 130 patients 80 children had cerebral malaria and of these 49 (61.2%) had some degree of retinopathy; 24 (48%) of 50 with non cerebral severe malaria had retinopathy. Predominant retinal changes were Retinal hemorrhage and Macular whitening each in 53 (40.77%) patients, followed by peripheral whitening, Vessels changes and papilloedema in 50 (38.46%), 40 (30.77%) and 14 (10.78%) patients respectively. With indirect ophthalmoscope as reference, direct ophthalmoscopy had a high sensitivity to detect macular whitening, and papilloedema but was less sensitive to detect peripheral whitening and vessel changes. Patients with retinopathy had more chance to had unfavorable outcome (Death) in comparison to the patients who had not {Odds ratio:1.09 (95% CI:1.017-1.167)}. Most of these retinal changes were transient and resolved gradually as clinical condition improved. Conclusion:Features compatible with malarial retinopathy were commonly found in our children with severe malaria. Ophthalmoscopy is an important clinical tool to aid in diagnosis and prognosis in children. However, indirect ophthalmoscopy provides better information than direct ophthalmoscopy. Bangladesh J Child Health 2018; VOL 42 (3) :118-124

Periodontal disease is a slowly progressing disease but the tissue destruction that occurs is largely irreversible. Diabetes mellitus is a notorious risk factor for periodontal disease. It is a cross-sectional type of observational study. Purposively selected 190 diabetic patients, diagnosed by previously oriented dentists at outdoor of BDCH, BIRDEM & SSMCH during June 2014- November 2014 (Six months). Collected data was recorded in a pre-tested checklist and statistically managed using SPSS Verson 20. To find out the most prevalent gender based of specific age groups of people in case of periodontal disease and type II diabetes mellitus; gap between knowledge and practice we had conducted the study. Total 190 patients were studied. Male & female patients represented equally i.e. 95 & 95. About 74.7% female and 66.3% male were from urban area. Age range 30-65 years. All respondents were literate (Can read, write & understand simple math). Respondents have been gone through both physical and full mouth examination based on RBS and CPITN index, labeled as suffering from diabetes and periodontal diseases. The study findings revealed, 68.3% male and 71.6%female was aware about the complications of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. 82.1% male and 72.6% female consumes carbohydrate rich foods. Based on the CPITN index 68.4% male and 52.6% female were presented with features of gingivitis, 71.6% male and 44.2% female were presented with features of Periodontitis. Rate of Periodontal disease is higher among diabetic patients & there is male preponderance. Ensuring oral hygiene periodontal disease could be reduced significantly. Further in-depth studies are necessary to extract other relevant information in this regard. JCMCTA 2016 ; 27 (1) : 28 - 32

Women are more vulnerable in health and family planning and this vulnerability is more in–depth in coastal area. The study was done to determine the reproductive characteristics and nutritional status of women in coastal area. It was conducted in Moheshkhali upazila of Cox’s Bazar district in 2013 among 220 purposively selected coastal women of reproductive age. Face to face interview was done through pretested questionnaire. Average age of the respondents was 26.5 years. Almost 60% of them were Muslims and 44% were illiterate. The average monthly family income and family size was Tk-6968.18 and 5.8 respectively. More than half (56%) of the respondents had history of regular use of contraceptives and oral pill was the most common type of contraceptive. Average number of children was 2.95. More than half of them (54%) had history of home delivery. More than one-third (34%) of them were under nourished. Nutritional status was significantly associated with income (p<0.05). Majority of them got early marriage (70%) but early marriage was not significantly associated with their nutritional status. Age at first pregnancy and parity of the respondents were in significant state with the nutritional status of women of coastal area (p<0.05). Socio-demographic disparity should be reduced to improve the nutritional status by improving the reproductive health of coastal women. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22881 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (1); Jan 2015; Page 38-41