Our study clearly demonstrates that the therapeutic use of nifedipine, which at present is used only in cardiovascular pathologies, should be extended with local use to the conservative treatment of anal fissures.

Our study clearly demonstrates that the therapeutic use of topical nifedipine and lidocaine ointment should be extended to the conservative treatment of chronic anal fissure.

Our study clearly demonstrates that the use of topical nifedipine, which at present is for treatment of cardiovascular disorders, is a reliable new option in the conservative treatment of thrombosed external hemorrhoids.

Patients with chronic anal fissures may have several anal pressure profiles. The anal canal is often normotonic. Fissures with hypertonic or normo-hypotonic anal canal need different therapies.

This study demonstrates that single-dose topical application of an ointment containing nifedipine (0.3% w/w) and lidocaine (1.5% w/w) to patients undergoing Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy is safe to use. Following application onto damaged anorectal mucosa, nifedipine and lidocaine are absorbed into the bloodstream in small quantities that do not have any major implications for the safety of the product. Further studies are required to evaluate nifedipine and lidocaine concentrations in serum using a multiple-dose regimen.