Recently, renewable energy is very important use for industrial development, transport because it is environmental friendly and can reduce high cost of imported fossil fuel. The evolution of biodiesel production has been reported in many researchers. Transesterification process which is mainly reaction for biodiesel is required catalysts such as acid, base catalyst or biocatalyst. In this study, 134 isolates were selected from soil contaminated with oil in Khon Kaen region by using culture medium containing 1% olive oil and 0.0001% rhodamine B with incubation at 30°C for 48 h. These lipase-producing bacteria were also determined their activities on agar medium with 1% tributyrin. The isolate NA37 showed high lipase activity (190 mU/ml) detecting with p-nitrophenyl palmitate as a substrate. Cooking-palm oil was contributed lipase production of the NA37 more than other oils. The optimum temperature and pH for lipase production is 30°C and pH 9, resulting in lipase activity of 481 mU/ml. 

Helianthus tuberosus L. (Jerusalem artichoke) produce inulin, a type of fructan, which possesses several biotechnology applications, e.g., sugar syrup, prebiotics, fiber in diabetic food, enabling blood sugar and cholesterol reduction. Drought reduces inulin accumulation in the tubers of Jerusalem artichoke as the plants protect themselves from this stress by induction of stress gene responses, effecting growth reduction. Endophytic bacteria are promising candidates to promote plant growth and yield particularly under abiotic stress. Therefore, three endophytic bacteria with plant growth promoting properties were examined for their ability to improve Jerusalem artichoke growth and yield under both well-watered and drought conditions when inoculated individually or in combinations in pot experiments with 2 factorial random complete block design. The interactions of the endophytic bacteria and plant host determined the differential gene expression in response to drought as revealed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Single inoculum of the endophytic bacteria increased the height, weight, root traits, and harvest index of Jerusalem artichoke compared to co-inocula under both well-watered and drought conditions. However, the co-inocula of Rossellomorea aquimaris strain 3.13 and Bacillus velezensis strain 5.18 proved to be a synergistic combination leading to high inulin accumulation; while the co-inocula of B. velezensis strain 5.18 and Micrococcus luteus strain 4.43 were not beneficial when used in combination. The genes, dehydrin like protein and ethylene responsive element binding factor, were upregulated in the plants inoculated with single inoculum and co-inocula of all endophytic bacteria during drought stress. Moreover, the gene expression of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) amido synthetase were up-regulated in Jerusalem artichoke inoculated with M. luteus strain 4.43 during drought stress. The fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase (1-FFT) was also stimulated by the endophytic bacteria particularly in drought condition; the results of this study could explain the relationship between endophytic bacteria and plant host for growth and yield promotion under well-watered and drought conditions.

Phytohormone, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), is an important compound involved in plant growth and stress response. Endophytes promote plant growth through IAA by induction of root proliferation and cell elongation. Micrococcus luteus 4.43, an endophytic bacterium, produced IAA with tryptophan as a precursor. The optimum condition of IAA biosynthesis was a culture medium supplemented with 5 mg/ml of L-tryptophan at pH 7, incubated at 30°C for 72 h and inoculated with cell number at 10 6 CFU/ml. The inoculum size, tryptophan concentration, and incubation time exhibited positive correlation with IAA production; pH and temperature showed a negative correlation. The supernatant of cell culture obtained IAA and crude extract of IAA was stable to heat (121°C, 15 min) and light exposure (1000 lux) for 30 days; the IAA sample was stored effectively in dark at 4°C for up to 2 months. The intermediate compounds of IAA synthesis were detected using HPLC to demonstrate IAA biosynthesis pathway of M. luteus 4.43 via indole-3-acetonitrile pathway.