A glass cuboid, embedded inside a dielectric cylinder is studied when illuminated with a monochromatic plane wave. A photonic nanojet (PNJ) with a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) waist of around 0.25λ is obtained outside the external surface of the cuboid. The influence of the parameters of a square section cuboid is studied. Three particular phenomena can be obtained and are discussed: an ultra-narrow PNJ on the external surface of the cuboid, a long photonic jet and the excitation of whispering gallery modes (WGMs). A parametric study, over the width and the height of a rectangular section cuboid, shows that these parameters can be used to control the photonic jet properties. We also study several other geometries of the insert, which shows that the key parameter is the refractive index of the inserted material. Finally, we show that by changing the incident angle we can obtain a curved photonic jet.

A novel waveguide near to eye display (WGNED), with new in-coupling and propagation subsystems, is proposed for the first time, to our knowledge, to enlarge the vertical field-of-view (FOV) and the vertical size of the eye box. Two waveguides are stacked-one is for in-coupling and the other for out-coupling. A freeform prism is used to correct the aberrations. These components are combined to form the WGNED. We have simulated such a system; as a result, we show that it achieves a FOV of 30°horizontal (H)×60°vertical (V) and an eye box of about 15  mm (H)×12  mm (V). The modulation transfer function of the system is larger than 0.3 at 33  lp/mm and the distortion is smaller than 5%.

By applying the proposed high-dynamic-range (HDR) technique based on exposure bracketing, we demonstrate a meaningful reduction in the spatial noise in image frames acquired with a CCD camera so as to improve the fringe contrast in full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT). This new signal processing method thus allows improved probing within transparent or semitransparent samples. The proposed method is demonstrated on 3 μm thick transparent polymer films of Mylar, which, due to their transparency, produce low contrast fringe patterns in white-light interference microscopy. High-resolution tomographic analysis is performed using the technique. After performing appropriate signal processing, resulting XZ sections are observed. Submicrometer-sized defects can be lost in the noise that is present in the CCD images. With the proposed method, we show that by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of the images, submicrometer-sized defect structures can thus be detected.