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Background-Conducting longitudinal research studies with low-income and/or minority participants present a unique set of challenges and opportunities.Purpose-To outline the specific strategies employed to successfully recruit and retain participants in a longitudinal study of nutritional anticipatory guidance during early childhood, conducted with a low-income, ethnically diverse, urban population of mothers. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. reporting, emphasis on participant convenience, incentives, frequent contact with participants, expanded budget, clinical staff buy-in, a dedicated phone line, and the use of research project branding and logos. Methods-We NIH Public AccessResults-Barriers to enrollment were not encountered in this project, despite recruiting from a low-income population with a large proportion of African-American families. Process evaluation with clinic staff demonstrated the perception of the MOMS staff was very positive Participant retention rate was 75% and 64% at 6 months and 12 months post-recruitment, respectively. We attribute retention success largely to a coordinated effort between the research team and the infrastructure support at the clinical sites, as well as project branding and a dedicated phone line.Conclusions-Successful participant recruitment and retention approaches need to be specific and consistent with clinical staff buy in throughout the project.

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Childhood obesity occurs in 20% of children before they enter kindergarten. Treatment is difficult, making prevention desirable, but little is known about effective methods using anticipatory guidance to prevent obesity in pediatric primary care. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study provides a comparison of 2 approaches versus usual care using anticipatory guidance to improve infant feeding during the first year of life, and demonstrates positive specific feeding behavior differences at 1 year in the intervention groups. METHODS: This is a cluster randomized trial. A total of 292 mother/ infant dyads were enrolled at their first well-child visit to 3 urban pediatric clinics in Columbus, Ohio. Intervention-specific brief advice and 1-page handouts were given at each well visit. In addition to infant weights and lengths, surveys about eating habits and infant feeding practices were completed at baseline and 12 months. RESULTS:Baseline data revealed a group with high rates of maternal overweight (62%) and obesogenic habits. At 12 months, the maternalfocused group gave their infants less juice (8.97 oz vs 14.37 oz, P , .05), and more daily servings of fruit (1.40 vs 0.94, P , .05) and vegetables (1.41 vs 1.03, P , .05) compared with BF mothers. Ounce of Prevention mothers also gave less juice (9.3 oz, P , .05) and more fruit servings (1.26 P , .05) than BF.CONCLUSIONS: Brief specific interventions added to well-child care may affect obesogenic infant feeding behaviors of mothers and deserves further study as an inexpensive approach to preventing childhood obesity. Pediatrics 2012;130:e507-e517 AUTHORS:

The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the relative effects of neighboring and residential satisfaction on the psychological well‐being of urban elders. It also examines these relationships within the context of the elders' personal resources —socioeconomic status, health, and mobility. The data were obtained from a random digit‐dial sample of 254 noninstitutionalized urban elders living in the Columbus, Ohio, metropolitan area. Based on a structural equation analysis using Bender's EQS, the findings show limited support for the neighborhood effects. However, these effects did not hold up when personal resources were included in the model. Thus it is concluded that the relationship between residential satisfaction and psychological well‐being is an artifact of their mutual relationship with personal resources. People with health, money, and mobility have high psychological well‐being, and they also have the resources to assure themselves of a favorable residence—one in which they feel safe, are satisfied with the physical condition of the place, have solid housing that meets their needs, and are as close as they desire to things, institutions, and people that matter to them.