Objetivo: Identificar na literatura estudos que utilizaram o questionário Patient Safety Climate in Healthcare Organizations (PSCHO) na avaliação do clima de segurança do paciente em serviços de saúde hospitalares. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, definida como pesquisa concisa em área específica. A busca e seleção dos estudos foi realizada por duas revisoras, de forma independente nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL e WoS. Os resultados foram apresentados por meio do fluxograma PRISMA. Resultados: Foram recuperados na busca seis artigos, dos quais quatro foram incluídos e analisados. Os estudos foram realizados na China e nos Estados Unidos e as dimensões “medo de culpabilização e punição” e “medo da vergonha” sobressaíram de forma negativa nos estudos chineses. O PSCHO apresentou similaridades quando comparado a outros estudos que avaliaram o clima de segurança do paciente utilizando outros questionários de clima. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstraram que o PSCHO é útil para avaliar o clima de segurança do paciente. A ausência de estudos brasileiros utilizando o questionário indica uma potencialidade de sua aplicação em novas pesquisas, como estratégia para a melhoria da qualidade e promoção da segurança do paciente nas Organizações de Saúde.
Investigating the safety culture has been relevant for more than two decades as a tool to improve the quality of patient care. This is a scope review of the last 20 years, whose objective is to investigate the type and prevalence of methodological approaches to patient safety culture and climate research. A review protocol was registered. The results were reported according to reports of preferred items for systematic reviews and extension of meta-analyzes for scope reviews (PRISMA-ScR). 107 studies were included. From the results, three major themes emerged for discussion, and the studies were classified into 1) Methodological approach and indeterminate use of concepts of climate and safety culture; 2) The isolated use of self-administered questionnaires in safety culture surveys and 3) A survey of the mixed methods approach in patient safety culture research. The quantitative approach was shown to be predominant, with the use of self-administered questionnaires for studies of the climate and culture of patient safety. The studies pointed out several limitations in the exclusive use of questionnaires, emphasizing the need to include multimethod research and the use of qualitative data collection techniques as an essential complement for the diagnosis of the patient safety culture.
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