Abstract:The abundance of cellulosic wastes make them attractive source of energy for producing electricity in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). However, electricity production from cellulose requires obligate anaerobes that can degrade cellulose and transfer electrons to the electrode (exoelectrogens), and thus most previous MFC studies have been conducted using two-chamber systems to avoid oxygen contamination of the anode. Single-chamber, air-cathode MFCs typically produce higher power densities than aqueous catholyte MFCs and avoid energy input for the cathodic reaction. To better understand the bacterial communities that evolve in single-chamber air-cathode MFCs fed cellulose, we examined the changes in the bacterial consortium in an MFC fed cellulose over time. The most predominant bacteria shown to be capable electron generation was Firmicutes, with the fermenters decomposing cellulose Bacteroidetes. The main genera developed after extended operation of the cellulose-fed MFC were cellulolytic strains, fermenters and electrogens that included: Parabacteroides, Proteiniphilum, Catonella and Clostridium. These results demonstrate that different communities evolve in air-cathode MFCs fed cellulose than the previous two-chamber reactors.

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The growing interest in wood accessories has focused scientific research attention on wood cutting with small diameter tools. A problem that may arise when drilling wood is the phenomenon of wandering – when the hole is not made in the designed place. The difficulty in studying small diameter drill holes (0.5 mm to 0.9 mm) is due to the difficulty of automatic measurement. The development of an appropriate methodology may allow for the observation of this phenomenon without the need for high-class hardware and expensive software. This article presents the results of tests carried out on nearly 500 samples made of various wood-based materials (high-density fiberboard (HDF), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), chipboard, and plywood) in terms of the usefulness of the OpenCV computer vision library for the determination of wandering.

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Assessment of the effectiveness of computer vision using the OpenCV package in finding the centre of a drilled hole in wood based materials. Small diameter holes made in wood based materials were scanned by non professional scanning equipment and then analysed to determine the location of the hole. The quality of the hole centre estimation was evaluated by a survey of 21 people. It has been shown that the evaluation using the HoughCirlcles function has an error of less than 0.05 mm in 18 out of 28 cases.