The purpose of this study was to examine family communication within the core and balance model of family leisure functioning. The study was conducted from a youth perspective of family leisure and family functioning. The sample consisted of youth (N= 95) aged 11 – 17 from 25 different states in the United States. Path analyses indicated that family communication mediated a positive relationship between family leisure variables and family functioning variables. Implications and recommendations are discussed. The addition of communication in the Core and Balance Model is recommended.

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The nature, causes, and effects of immediate conscious leisure experiences have long been central interests of scholars. Significant contributions to the field include Abraham Maslow's studies of ecstasy and peak experience, Sigmund Koch's descriptions of two forms of consciousness, John Neulinger's classification of immediate conscious experiences based on their motivational contexts, Michael J. Ellis' application of arousal theory to play, Howard and Diane Tinsley's theory of the leisure experience, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi's career of inquiry into the "flow" phenomenon, and recently, the theory of structured experience (TSE). This paper reviews research on leisure as immediate conscious experience relating to development of TSE and informs new propositions strengthening the original theory (TSE 2.0) by (a) interpreting TSE in the context of previous research on leisure as immediate conscious experience of leisure, (b) summarizing, integrating, and critiquing research conducted to test propositions of TSE, and (c) proposing revisions to TSE based on completed research.

BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY As chair of the candidate's graduate committee, I have read the thesis of Laurel B. Hornberger in its final form and have found that (1) its format, citations, and bibliographical style are consistent and acceptable and fulfill university and department style requirements; (2) its illustrative materials including figures, tables, and charts are in place; and (3) the final manuscript is satisfactory to the graduate committee and is ready for submission to the university library. Date Ramon B. Zabriskie Chair, Graduate Committee

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