Measurements of adsorption isotherms of a series of thirteen mono- and di-phosphonic acids have shown that these bind strongly to the surface of high surface area aluminium trihydroxide. The incorporation of such phosphonates into a suspension of aluminium flake in an aqueous medium, modelling the continuous phase of a water-based paint, greatly suppresses the evolution of hydrogen. Whilst strong binding of the phosphonate to aluminium oxides is an essential criterion for good passivation, other factors such as the hydrophobicity of the ligand are also important in suppressing hydrogen-evolution.
We present a general route for the synthesis of triazacyclononane functionalised with one, two or three pendant phosphine arms and exemplify the method with the synthesis of N-(diphenylphosphinopropy1)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (L) and the crystal structure of its zinc(ix) complex [Zn2L2Cl3] [ClO,].
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