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Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)A), not significantly different to that of Ontario ON1. The estimated mean reproductive number (R 0 = ∼ 1.01) from global and Ontario sequences showed no significant difference and implies stability among global RSV-A ON1. This study suggests that local epidemics exhibit similar underlying evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics to that of the persistent global RSV-A ON1 population. These findings underscore the importance of continual molecular surveillance of RSV in order to gain a better understanding of epidemics.

Lautenschlager and Flaherty (1990) unexpectedly found that more socially desirable responding occurred on a computer version of an attitude and personality questionnaire than on a paper-andpencil version. The present study attempted to replicate and extend their findings in a noncollege environment. Male Navy recruits (N= 246) completed several questionnaires in either a computeradministered or paper-and-pencil condition and in either an anonymous or identified condition. Identified respondents had higher impression management and self-deceptive enhancement scores than anonymous respondents. Contrary to Lautenschlager and Flaherty's results, however, there was no systematic difference between computer and paper-and-pencil modes. It is concluded that computer and paper-and-pencil modes of administration yield similar responses on attitude questionnaires.Computer administration of psychological and organizational instruments is becoming increasingly widespread (Bertram & Bayliss, 1984). With this increased usage has come the idea that computer administration may reduce or counteract social desirability bias-the tendency "to stretch the truth in an effort to make a good impression" (Martin & Nagao, 1989, p. 72). On self-report attitude and personality instruments (e.g., psychological tests, surveys, and questionnaires), social desirability is seen by some observers as pervasive and problematic (Murphy & Davidshofer, 1991). Demonstrating that computerized self-report attitude and personality instruments elicit less social desirability bias than their paper-and-pencil counterparts would argue for greater reliance on computer administration, given computerized administration's many other advantages, for example, ease of administration, elimination of missing responses, elimination of data entry, automatic scoring, and item-branching capabilities (Rosenfeld, Doherty, & Carroll, 1987).In studies comparing paper-and-pencil and computer-administered attitude and personality questionnaires, the findings have been equivocal. Studies comparing these two administration modes have found that respondents completing questionnaires on a computer admitted to more anxiety symptoms and scored lower on a lie scale (Evan & Miller, 1969), reportedThe opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors. They are not official and do not represent the views of the Department of the Navy.We wish to thank David L. Alderton and three anonymous reviewers.

To investigate the contribution of private perceptual biases and public descriptive distortions to self-serving attributions, a 2 (performance outcome) X 3 (response mode) factorial experiment was conducted. After receiving false feedback indicating that they had done well or poorly on a social-intelligence test, subjects' causal attributions for their performance were assessed on a device that was presented as either an infallible lie detector (reliable bogus pipeline), a fallible lie detector (unreliable bogus pipeline), or an apparatus without any lie-detectorlike properties. Regardless of response mode-even when subjects thought that misrepresentations of their true feelings would be detected-they made more internal attributions for their positive outcomes and more external attributions for their failures. In addition, subjects made more external attributions in the unreliable-as compared to the reliable-bogus-pipeline conditions. These results suggest that biases in private perceptions of causality and distortions in public descriptions of it both contribute to the attributional asymmetry following valenced outcomes.The tendency for individuals to take personal responsibility for their successes and to attribute their negative outcomes to situational causes has been referred to by terms such as the self-serving bias (e.g., Miller & M.

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